IFLA Universal Bibliographic Control and International MARC Core Programme (UBCIM)

1-- Coded Information Block

Definition and Scope of Fields

This block contains coded fixed length data elements.

Notes on Field Contents

Data in these fields is defined in terms of the position of the character, counting the first character following the subfield identifier as zero. If a bibliographic agency does not supply any coded information in a given field, the field will be omitted unless mandatory. If some data in a field is supplied but not all, the omitted data element positions will contain fill characters.

The following fields are defined:

100 General Processing Data
101 Language of the Item
102 Country of Publication or Production
105 Coded Data Field: Textual materials, Monographic
106 Coded Data Field: Textual materials - Physical Attributes
110 Coded Data Field: Serials
115 Coded Data Field: Visual Projections, Videorecordings and Motion Pictures
116 Coded Data Field: Graphics
117 Coded Data Field: Three-dimensional artifacts and realia
120 Coded Data Field: Cartographic Materials - General
121 Coded Data Field: Cartographic Materials - Physical Attributes
122 Coded Data Field: Time Period of Item Content
123 Coded Data Field: Cartographic Materials - Scale and Co-ordinates
124 Coded Data Field: Cartographic Materials - Specific Material Designation
125 Coded Data Field: Sound Recordings and Printed Music
126 Coded Data Field: Sound Recordings - Physical Attributes
127 Coded Data Field: Duration of Sound Recordings and Printed Music
128 Coded Data Field: Musical Performances and Scores
130 Coded Data Field: Microforms
131 Coded Data Field: Cartographic Materials - Geodetic, Grid and Vertical Measurement
135 Coded Data Field: Electronic resources
140 Coded Data Field: Antiquarian - General
141 Coded Data Field: Antiquarian - Copy Specific Attributes

100 GENERAL PROCESSING DATA

This field contains fixed-length coded data applicable to records of materials in any media.

Occurrence

Mandatory. Not repeatable.

Indicators

Indicator 1: blank (not defined)
Indicator 2: blank (not defined)

Subfields

$a General Processing Data
All data entered in $a is identified by character position within the subfield. Conventionally the character positions are numbered from 0 to 35. The character positions defined must appear in the subfield. Not repeatable.

Name of Data Element	Number of Characters	Character Positions
Date Entered on File (Mandatory Type of Publication Date Publication Date 1 Publication Date 2 Target Audience Code Government Publication Code Modified Record Code Language of Cataloguing (Mandatory) Transliteration Code Character Set (Mandatory) Additional Character Set Script of Title	8 1 4 4 3 1 1 3 1 4 4 2	0-7 8 9-12 13-16 17-19 20 21 22-24 25 26-29 30-33 34-35

Notes on Field Contents

$a/0-7 Date entered on file
Eight numeric characters in ISO standard form (ISO 8601-1988) for dates: YYYYMMDD where YYYY represents the year, MM the month with leading 0 if necessary and DD the day of the month with leading 0 if necessary.

The date will usually be the date when the record was originally created and entered into machine-readable form, to give some idea of the age of the record. A record corrected because of errors in keying or editing will not have a change of date. On exchange, the record should also retain its original date.

EX 1
Character positions 0-7: 19671005
The record was originally entered into a machine-readable data file on 5th October 1967.

$a/8-16 Type of Publication Date; Publication Dates 1 and 2.
A one-character code indicates the type of date according to eleven categories which take into account the issuing status of the item being recorded. This code defines the types of dates which appear in Publication Date 1 (character positions 9-12) and Publication Date 2 (character position 13-16). These dates are always entered as a four character representation of the year.

Note: It may not be possible always to provide blanks as required for dates from source formats where any digit has been supplied as an approximation in a corresponding field.

Related field: the date of publication is also entered in field 210.

a = currently published serial
Publication date 1 contains the beginning year of publication or coverage if coverage differs from publication (EX 1). If the beginning date is uncertain, any unknown digit may contain a blank (EX 2).
Publication date 2 contains 9999.

b = serial no longer being published
Publication date 1 contains the beginning year of publication or coverage if coverage differs from publication. If the beginning date is uncertain, any unknown digit may contain a blank.
Publication date 2 contains the year publication ceased (EX 3). For works known to have ceased but whose final date is uncertain, any unknown digit may contain a blank (EX 4).

c = serial of unknown status
A serial about which it is not known whether publication is continuing or whether publication has ceased (EX 5).
Publication date 1 contains the beginning year of publication or coverage if coverage differs from publication. If the beginning date is uncertain, any unknown digit may contain a blank.
Publication date 2 contains four blanks.

d = monograph complete when issued, or issued within one calendar year
A monograph published in one volume/part or in a number of volumes/parts all published at one time or with the same date of publication, i.e. published within the same calendar year (EX 6-9). If the date is uncertain use code 'f' (see below). If the monograph was published over a span use code 'g'.
Publication date 1 contains the date of publication.
Publication date 2 contains blanks.

e = reproduction of a document
The item being catalogued is a reproduction, i.e. a reprint, facsimile, reissue, etc. but not a new edition (EX 10). If the reproduction is of a serial, or if either the original or the reproduction was published over a span of years, the beginning year of reproduction and publication are used (EX 11).
Publication date 1 contains the date of publication of the reproduction.
Publication date 2 contains the date of publication of the original.
If either date is uncertain and cannot be expressed as a single year, any digit may be replaced by a blank (EX 12).

f = monograph, date of publication uncertain.
Publication date 1 contains the earliest possible date of publication.
Publication date 2 contains the latest possible date of publication (EX 13-16).

g = monograph whose publication continues for more than a year
Publication date 1 contains the beginning year of publication (EX 17-19). If the beginning year of publication is uncertain, any unknown digit may be replaced by a blank.
Publication date 2 contains the date of final publication (EX 17) or 9999 if publication is still in progress (EX 18). If the final date of publication is uncertain, the unknown digits contain blanks (EX 19).

h = monograph with both actual and copyright/privilege date
The item's date of publication differs from the copyright/privilege date quoted in the item (EX 20). If the date of publication is unknown, use 'd' (EX 8). Privilege is defined as a monopoly granted by a government body to an author or a bookseller for an edition over a fixed period of time.
Publication date 1 contains the date of publication.
Publication date 2 contains the copyright/privilege date.

i = monograph with both release/issue date and production date
Used for films, music etc. when there is a gap between the production/recording of an item and its distribution/release (EX 21).
Publication date 1 contains the release/issue date.
Publication date 2 contains the production date.

j = document with detailed date of publication
Use when it is considered important to record the month (and possibly day) of publication (EX 22).
Publication date 1 contains the year of publication.
Publication date 2 contains the detailed date in the form "MMDD", with month and day right-justified with zero fill. If the day positions are not used, they hold blanks (EX 23).

u = date(s) of publication unknown
Use when no date at all can be assigned to the item (EX 24, 25).
Publication date 1 contains blanks.
Publication date 2 contains blanks.

EX 1
a19599999
A serial was first published in 1959 and is still being published.

EX 2
al92#9999
A serial was first published at a date somewhere between 1922 and 1925 and is still being published.

EX 3
bl8101860
A serial began in 1810 and finished in 1860.

EX 4
b1890191#
A serial began in 1890 and finished somewhere between 1910 and 1915.

EX 5
c1980####
A serial began in 1980; but issues are no longer arriving and the publisher cannot be traced.

EX 6
d1750####
An item actually or probably published in 1750. The date may be recorded in subfield 210$d variously as 1750, [1750] or [1750?].

EX 7
d1972####
A monograph was published in three volumes in 1972.

EX 8
d1972####
An item where only the copyright date is known. Code 'h' is therefore not used.

EX 9
d1995####
An item with a publication date of 1416 according to the Muslim calendar, known to have been published in 1995 C.E.

EX 10
e19681952
A document originally published in 1952 was reprinted in 1968.

EX 11
e19561835
A serial published from 1835 to 1914 was reprinted in 1956-1958.

EX 12
e1983183#
A book originally published in the 1830s (date uncertain) was reprinted in 1983.

EX 13
f19621966
A monograph has no date of publication but its contents reveal it was published no earlier than 1962 and it was acquired in 1966. It is assumed it was published between 1962 and 1966.

EX 14
f17801789
A monograph believed to have been published in the 1780s; the date is given in subfield 210$a as [178-?].

EX 15
f19941995
An item with an imprint date of 5755 according to the Jewish calendar; the precise year C.E. has not been determined; but it must be either 1994 or 1995.

EX 16
f####1510
The item was published in or before 1510.

EX17
g19751976
A monograph was published in 3 volumes in 1975 and 1976.

EX18
g19839999
A monograph is to be published in 5 volumes, the first in 1983 and the rest at future dates. The record is an open-ended record since the bibliographic details of the as yet unpublished volumes are not known.

EX19
g1962196#
A monograph began publication in 1962. The date of the final volume is uncertain, but is believed to be 1968 or 1969.

EX20
h19851983
A document published in 1985 has 1983 as copyright date.

EX21
i19501943
A film made in 1943 but not released until 1950.

EX22
j19850412
A technical report published 12 April 1985.

EX23
j198511##
A report published in November 1985. The day of publication is not known or is considered unimportant.

EX24
u########
200 1#$aViola Springs Limestone$bObject
300 ##$aMid-Ordovician
The item is a rock. Character positions 9-16 cannot cater for a date range of 478 to 458 million years; so code 'u' is assigned.

EX25
u########
210 ##$aParisii$cGourm$d[s.aš.]
The record is the result of unedited retrospective conversion; it is not possible to derive even approximate dates from the data in the source file.

$a/17-19 Target Audience Code
There are three positions for target audience codes and they should be entered from left to right, any unused positions being filled with blanks.

a = juvenile, general
Use instead of b, c, d or e when these codes have not been used or cannot be used.
b = pre-primary, ages 0-5
c = primary, ages 5-10
d = children, ages 9-14
e = young adult, ages 14-20
k = adult, serious
m = adult, general
u = unknown

$a/20 Government Publication
A one-character code indicates whether the record is for a government publication or not and the level of government issuing the publication. A government publication is defined as one issued or financed by a government agency. Academic institutions are not to be regarded as government agencies.

a = federal/national
Sovereign states and territories with some measure of self-government, for example having their own legislature.

b = state/province
An administrative subdivision at one level below the federal or national level, having some measure of internal self-government and legislative control, though with no responsibility for external affairs, e.g. provinces of Canada, Länder in the Federal Republic of Germany.

c = county/department
A middle-level administrative subdivision, generally without any legislature, e.g. départements in France, counties in the United Kingdom.

d = local (municipal, etc.)
An administrative unit at the lowest level of jurisdiction, e.g. a city, town, or village.

e = multi-local (interstate departments, etc. below the national level)
Any administrative unit below the national level combining or crossing more than one jurisdiction, e.g. a joint computer unit which is shared by a number of municipal authorities or a transport authority that crosses several municipalities.

f = intergovernmental
International organisations and their agencies, e.g. those entities which are capable of making treaties with sovereign states such as the International Monetary Fund or the United Nations.

g = government in exile or clandestine
A non-official government such as the government of France in exile from 1941-1944.

h = level not determined
Used when the record is for a government publication but the level of government cannot be determined from the information at hand.

u = unknown
Used when it is impossible to determine whether the work is a government publication.

y = not a government publication
This code is entered in all cases when the document is not a government publication.

z = other government level
Used when the record is for a government publication at a particular level of government but this level does not fit into any of categories a-g.

$a/21 Modified Record Code
This one-character code indicates whether the character set available is sufficient to transcribe the data as found on the item. Due to limitations of the machine character set, the transcription may have to be modified to accommodate, for example, special scripts (i.e. by transliteration) or special mathematical formulae, e.g. a Greek letter or other notation written out in full. A record would not be considered modified, however, if the title page cannot be transcribed because it contains symbols or pictures which obviously would be found in no other character set.

0 = unmodified record
1 = modified record

$a/22-24 Language of Cataloguing (Mandatory)
A three-character code indicating the language used in cataloguing. For the list of codes see Appendix A. If a source record is completely multi-lingual, i.e. all information not from the title page is repeated in more than one language, it is recommended that a separate UNIMARC record should be produced, as required, for each language.

UNIMARC has no mechanism to denote the language of individual fields throughout the format.

$a/25 Transliteration Code
UNIMARC assumes the utilisation of international standards. However, in the area of conversion of scripts, international standards are not yet completely adequate, and other schemes may be used. This code indicates whether or not an ISO transliteration scheme is used in the record.

a = ISO transliteration scheme
b = other
c = multiple transliterations: ISO or other schemes
y = no transliteration scheme used

$a/26-29 Character Sets (Mandatory)
Two two-character codes designating the principal graphic character sets used in communication of the record. Positions 26-27 designate the G0 set and positions 28-29 designate the Gl set. If a Gl set is not needed, positions 28-29 contain blanks. For further explanation of character coding see Appendix J. The following two-character codes are to be used. They will be augmented as required.

01 = ISO 646, IRV version (basic Latin set)
02 = ISO Registration # 37 (basic Cyrillic set)
03 = ISO 5426 (extended Latin set)
04 = ISO DIS 5427 (extended Cyrillic set)
05 = ISO 5428 (Greek set)
06 = ISO 6438 (African coded character set)
07 = ISO 10586 (Georgian set)
08 = ISO 8957 (Hebrew set) Table 1
09 = ISO 8957 (Hebrew set) Table 2
10 = [Reserved]
11 = ISO 5426-2 (Latin characters used in minor European languages and obsolete typography)
50 = ISO 10646 Level 3 (Unicode)

Note that ISO 10646, being a 16-bit character set, contains all necessary characters. When positions 26-27 contain '50' this will be used for the C0, C1 and all G sets. Positions 28-33 will contain blanks.

$a/30-33 Additional Character Sets
Two two-character codes indicate up to two additional graphic character sets used in communication of the record. The two-character codes specified for character positions 26-29 are used. Positions 30-31 designate the G2 set and positions 32-33 designate the G3 set. If no additional character sets are needed the bytes contain blanks.

$a/34-35 Script of Title
A two-character code indicating the alphabet of the title used as the title proper or, in the case of serials, the keytitle. This refers to the alphabet in the source item, not the character set of the record.

The following codes are recommended in the absence of any international standard set of codes.

ba = Latin
ca = Cyrillic
da = Japanese - script unspecified
db = Japanese - kanji
dc = Japanese - kana
ea = Chinese
fa = Arabic
ga = Greek
ha = Hebrew
ia = Thai
ja = Devanagari
ka = Korean
la = Tamil
ma = Georgian
mb = Armenian
zz = Other

The script code is optional if the script is the usual one relating to the language found in field 101 $g or in the absence of subfield $g, $a.

Related Fields

Related fields are noted in connection with the individual codes above.

Examples

EX 1
100 ##$al960ll04al9599999m##c0engy01031####ba
The record was originally entered into a machine-readable data file on 4th November 1960. The serial was first published in 1959 and is still being published. The target audience is "general adult". The serial is an annual report published by Hampshire County Council; it is an unmodified record, catalogued in English, using no transliteration scheme.

Character position	Value	Notes
0-7 8 9-12 13-16 17-19 20 21 22-24 25 26-29 30-33 34-35	19601104 a 1959 9999 m## c 0 eng y 0103 #### ba	Date entered on file. Currently published serial. Commencement of publication. Serial still being published. Target audience general adult. A subdivision of a sovereign state, without any legislature. Unmodified record. English language of cataloguing. No transliteration scheme used. ISO 646 (IRV) and ISO 5426 8-bit codes used. No additional character set. Latin alphabet of title.

EX 2
100 ##$al9830202bl8101860|||y0frey0103####ba
The record was originally entered into a machine-readable data file on 2nd February, 1983. The serial was first published in 1810 and ceased publication in 1860. The target audience code is not used, and therefore contains fill characters. The record has not been modified, no transliteration scheme is used, and French is the language of cataloguing.

Character Positions	Value	Notes
0-7 8 9-12 13-16 17-19 20 21 22-24 25 26-29 30-33 34-35	19830202 b 1810 1860 ||| y 0 fre y 0103 #### ba	Date entered on file. Serial no longer being published. Beginning of publication. End of publication. Target audience not designated. Not a government publication. Unmodified record. French language of cataloguing. No transliteration scheme used. ISO 646 (IRV) and ISO 5426 8-bit codes used. No additional character sets. Latin alphabet of title.

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101 LANGUAGE OF THE ITEM

Field Definition

This field contains coded information relating to the language of an item, its parts, and its title, as well as an indication of the language of the original if the item is a translation.

Occurrence

Mandatory if work has language. Not repeatable.

Indicators

Indicator 1: Translation indicator

This indicator specifies whether or not the item is a translation or contains translations.

0 Item is in the original language(s) of the work (EX 3, 5, 7, 12)
1 Item is a translation of the original work or an intermediate work (EX 1, 2, 4, 6)
2 Item contains translations other than translated summaries (EX 8-11)

If it is not possible to allocate this indicator in records converted from a source format, the fill character should be used in place of the values outlined above. Value '2' should not be used if the only translations in the document are summaries of articles, etc., in the document.

Indicator 2: blank (not defined)

Subfields

$a Language of Text, Soundtrack etc.
The language of the text, soundtrack etc. Repeatable when the text is in more than one language (EX 5).

$b Language of Intermediate Text when Item is Not Translated from Original.
The language of any intermediate translation (EX 2, 4, 6). Repeatable when the text is translated from more than one intermediate language (EX 6), or when the translation has occurred via more than one intermediate language (e.g. Greek - Latin - French - English).

$c Language of Original Work
The language of the original work when the item being recorded is a translation (EX 1, 2, 4, 6, 8). Repeatable when the original is in more than one language.

$d Language of Summary
The language of any summaries or abstracts of the item or of works, articles, etc. contained within it. Repeatable when the item contains summaries in more than one language (EX 7).

$e Language of Contents Page
This subfield is reserved for the language of the table of contents when this differs from the language of the text (EX 3). Repeatable for each language of the contents page(s).

$f Language of Title Page if Different from Text
The language of the title page when it differs from the language or languages of the text (EX 8). Repeatable for each language of the title page.

$g Language of Title Proper if Not First Language of Text, Soundtrack, etc.
This subfield contains the language of the title proper when it differs from that in the first or only occurrence of subfield $a (EX 1). This is not repeatable since the title proper is by definition in one language. Any repeats of the title proper in other languages are parallel titles and their language is indicated in a subfield $z in field 200.

$h Language of Libretto, etc.
The language or languages of the text when the item being catalogued includes the vocal/textual content of the work(s) printed as text, whether as accompanying material or printed with the item. Note that this subfield is not limited to librettos as such. Repeatable. (EX 9)

$i Language of Accompanying Material (Other than Summaries, Abstracts or Librettos)
The language or languages of accompanying material, such as programme notes, prefaces, commentaries, instructions etc. Repeatable. (EX 10)

$j Language of Subtitles
The language(s) of subtitles (overprinted titles) of moving pictures when different from the language of the soundtrack. Repeatable (EX 11, 12)

Notes on Field Contents

Each subfield contains a three-character language code. See Appendix A for list of codes. When a subfield is repeated, the order of language codes should reflect the extent and significance of the languages within the work. If this is not possible, enter the language codes in alphabetical order. Code 'mul' may be entered when a large number of languages applies in any subfield (EX 8).

Related Fields

100 GENERAL PROCESSING DATA
Language of Cataloguing (character positions 22-24)
In these character positions is entered a code indicating the language used by the cataloguer for those parts of the record such as the notes which do not depend on the language of the item.

200 TITLE AND STATEMENT OF RESPONSIBILITY
The language(s) of the parallel title(s) proper appearing in this field may be indicated in the $z subfield(s) in field 200.

510-541 RELATED TITLES
Various title fields have a subfield indicating the language of the title contained in the title subfields. These are used when a title is in a language other than the main language of the work.

Examples

EX 1
101 1#$afre$ceng$geng
A book entitled Guidebook to Henry VIII's Palace of Hampton Court is a French translation of an English original. The title proper is in English, and is followed by a parallel title in French; the rest of the text is in French.

EX 2
101 1#$afre$beng$crus
A scientific research paper published in Russian is translated by an international agency into English. This intermediate text is then used by a national research institute in France to produce a French translation.

EX 3
101 0#$ajpn$eeng$feng
A Japanese government publication contains a table of contents and an added title page in English; the rest of the text is in Japanese.

EX 4
101 1#$aeng$bger$crus
A traveller's diary is published as Journey to Khiva through the Turkoman country by Nikolay Murav'yov, translated from the German by W S A Lockhart, and originally published in Russian.

EX5
101 0#$aeng$awel
A local government publication from Gwent County Council consists of a parallel Welsh-English text.

EX 6
101 1#$aeng$bger$bfre$cakk
A text in Akkadian, an ancient language, has been translated parts into German and parts into French. An English translation is made based on the German and French translation.

EX 7
101 0#$aeng$afre$ager$deng$dfre$dger
IFLA Journal contains abstracts of all its contributions in English, French and German. The majority of the contributions are in English followed equally by French and German which are entered in alphabetical order.

EX 8
101 2#$amul$ceng$ffre
A book intended for a French readership and having a French title page consists mostly of one act of a play of Shakespeare translated from the English into 25 languages.

EX 9
101 2#$afre$hfre$hger
A sound recording sung in French with accompanying text in French and German.

EX 10
101 2#$ieng
A nonlanguage sound recording with programme notes in English.

EX 11
101 2#$aswe$jfre
A copy of Bergman's "Tystnaden" with French subtitles.

EX 12
101 0#$jeng
A copy of Chaplin's "Modern times" with English subtitles.

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102 COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION OR PRODUCTlON

This field contains codes for one or more countries of publication or production of the item.

Occurrence

Optional. Not repeatable.

Indicators

Indicator l: blank (not defined)
Indicator 2: blank (not defined)

Subfields

$a Country of publication
Contains a code representing the country in which the item was published or produced. The codes are to be taken from the two-character codes of ISO 3166 (see Appendix B). Repeatable if an item is published in more than one country.

$b Locality of publication
A code representing the locality where the item was published or produced. ISO TC46 is considering a proposal to establish an international system for codes for regions. Until such a standard exists, agencies may use any established national or internationally accepted code in this subfield. Repeatable if an item is published in more than one locality.

Notes on Field Contents

Any locality code should follow immediately after the country code to which it refers. When it is necessary to record more than one locality within the same country, it is recommended for ease of processing that the country code be repeated in each case, i.e. that each subfield $b be preceded by a subfield $a. It is recommended that a code be recorded for each place of publication or production present in the 210 field.

Due to the fact that in older monographic publications the name and location of the printer are given equal status to those of the publisher or distributor, the country and locality of a printer, publisher or distributor is given here in a coded form. For older monographic publications the country or locality of publication or production is coded according to the present state of country borders.

Related Fields

210 PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC.
This field carries the place of publication or production in textual form.

620 PLACE ACCESS
This field carries the place of publication or production in structured textual form.

Examples

In examples 2 and 3 since no international standard for localities within sovereign states exists as yet, the Library of Congress document: USMARC Code List: Countries has been used.

EX l
102 ##$aHU
The item is published in Hungary

EX 2
102 ##$aGB$bst
The item is published in Scotland

EX 3
102 ##$aUS$bca$aUS$bny
The item is published in California and New York.

EX 4
102 ##$aIT
The item was published in Venice in 1485.

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105 CODED DATA FIELD: TEXTUAL MATERIAL, MONOGRAPHIC

This field contains coded data relating to monographic printed language materials.

Occurrence

Optional. Not repeatable. It is recommended that it is always present in records of monographic printed language materials

Indicators

Indicator l: blank (not defined)
Indicator 2: blank (not defined)

Subfields

$a Monograph Coded Data
All data entered in $a is identified by character position within the subfield. Conventionally the character positions are numbered from 0 to 12. All character positions defined must appear in the subfield. Not repeatable.

Table of Subfield $a Fixed-length Data Elements:

Name of Data Element	Number of Characters	Character Positions
Illustration codes Form of contents codes Conference or meeting code Festschrift indicator Index indicator Literature code Biography code	4 4 1 1 1 1 1	0-3 4-7 8 9 10 11 12

Notes on Field Contents

If no attempt is made to assign a data element value, the fill character should be used in the character positions designated for that data element.

$a/0-3 Illustration codes
There are four character positions available for illustration codes and they should be entered from left to right, any unused positions being filled with blanks. If more than four codes are applicable, select the first four in the order they appear on the list below. Note that blanks are used in preference to 'y' in unused character positions.

These codes usually relate to terms in the physical description of the item. If the data element is not used, fill characters should be entered in character positions 0-3; if they are used but fewer than four types of illustration are present, then remaining positions contain blanks.

a = illustrations
Use for types of illustrations which are not covered below, e.g., diagrams, graphs, or when types of illustrations are not being specifically coded.

b = maps

c = portraits
Individual or group portraits.

d = charts
Special purpose maps designed for the use of navigators.

e = plans
E.g. ground plans of buildings.

f = plates
A leaf containing illustrative matter with or without explanatory text, which does not form part of any sequence of pages or leaves.

g = music
As monographic textual material. For sound recordings accompanying materials use code 'm'.

h = facsimiles
Reproductions of a part of or the whole of a document not only reproducing the text but also simulating the original appearance of the work.

i = coats of arms

j = genealogical tables

k = forms

1 = samples

m = sound recordings
E.g. a sound disc in a folder in a book.

n = transparencies
E.g. a set of transparencies in a pocket attached to a book.

o = illuminations
Manuscript embellishments of a letter or writing with colours etc.

y = no illustrations
To be used only once, i.e. y###.

# = value position not needed

$a/4-7 Form of contents codes
There are four character positions available for the form of contents codes and they should be entered from left to right, any unused positions being filled with blanks. If more than four codes are applicable, select the first four in the order in which they appear in the list below.

These codes should be used whether the item contains this form of material or consists completely of this form of material except in the case of code 'c', index, which should be used only if the item is an index. Thus, if an item is a catalogue, code 'b' will be used; if it contains a catalogue within it, along with other material, again, 'b' will be used. If the data element is not used, fill characters should be entered in character positions 4-7. If a form not listed is required, code 'z' is used.

a = bibliography
A list of the bibliographic items sharing one or more common features such as subject, place of publication.

b = catalogue
A list of bibliographic items in a collection or exhibition or available from a particular agency such as a publisher or bookshop.

c = index
An alphabetical list of terms, i.e. names or subject giving the locations where they can be found elsewhere. For an index to the text of the book itself use Index indicator character position 10.

d = abstract or summary
Includes descriptive, indicative, and informative abstracts.

e = dictionary
Alphabetical listings of words with a short description of their meaning and usage or with equivalents in another language.

f = encyclopaedia
Listing of names or terms on a given subject with an extensive description usually alphabetically arranged.

g = directory
Ordered list of persons, organizations or places, with information about each.

h = project description

i = statistics
Numerical facts on a subject systematically collected and usually arranged in tabular form.

j = programmed text book
A text book in which material is presented to be learnt immediately before passing on to the next section.

k = patent
A document including a specification of a new invention giving the right to maker or sell it for a certain number of years. Includes patent applications.

1 = standard
A document produced by an official body specifying a recommended way of producing an object with a view to achieving high quality.

m = dissertation or thesis
A statement of investigation or research presenting the author's findings and any conclusions reached, submitted by the author in support of his candidature for a higher degree, professional qualification or other award.

n = laws and legislation
Items including texts of laws. For treaties use code 's'.

o = numeric table
Numerical information presented in a tabular form. Use code 'i' if the data is statistical.

p = technical report
A document containing the findings of an investigation or study of a scientific or technical subject.

q = examination paper
A set of questions printed for use in an examination.

r = literature surveys/reviews
Narrative surveys, often critical, of activity in a specific field as documented in the literature, often linked to a bibliography. Also known as current publication surveys.

s = treaties
Formally concluded and ratified agreements between states. For other laws use code 'n'.

t = cartoons or comic strips
Books published as cartoons for children or adults.

z = other
# = value position not needed.

$a/8 Conference or meeting code
A one-character code indicating whether the item contains the proceedings, reports, or summaries of a conference, meeting or symposium. This may be used whether or not the conference, etc., is given a formal entry.

0 = not a conference publication
1 = conference publication

$a/9 Festschrift indicator
A one-character code indicating whether the item is a festschrift. A festschrift is defined as a complimentary or memorial publication in the form of a collection of essays, addresses or bibliographical, scientific or other contributions often embodying the results of research, issued in honour of a person, institution or society, usually on the occasion of an anniversary celebration.

0 = not a festschrift
1 = festschrift

$a/10 Index indicator
A one-character code indicating whether the item contains an index to its text. If the item is an index to a different work see character positions 4-7 Form of contents codes, code 'c'.

0 = no index
1 = index present

$a/11 Literature code
When the work is a literary text a one-character code indicates the type of literary text.

a = fiction

b = drama
Includes television plays, scenarios, etc.

c = essays

d = humour, satire
For cartoons, etc. see character positions 4-7 Form of contents codes, code 't'

e = letters
As a literary form. For correspondence see character position 12 Biography code

f = short stories

g = poetry
Includes non-literary works in verse

h = speeches, oratory

y = not a literary text

z = multiple or other literary forms
The item is known to be literary but the precise form is not known, e.g. because of lack of specificity in the source format or more than one code applies.

$a/12 Biography code
When the work is biographical a one-character code indicates the type of biography.

a = autobiography
Includes letters, correspondence

b = individual biography

c = collective biography
E.g. works containing biographies of more than one person or of a family

d = contains biographical information
E.g. directory, who's who

y = not biographical

Related Fields

RECORD LABEL
Implementation Codes (character positions 6 and 7)
Character position 6 in the RECORD LABEL designates whether the item is text material and character position 7 indicates whether it is monographic.

106 CODED DATA FIELD: TEXTUAL MATERIAL PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES
This field holds further coded data pertaining specifically to the physical form of the item.

328 DISSERTATION (THESIS) NOTE
This field can hold free text on items coded 'm' in $a/4-7

Examples

EX 1
105 ##$abf##a###001yb
A document contains maps and plates. It has a bibliography and an index. It is about the life and travels of one individual. The components of the example 105 field are as follows:

Character position	Value	Notes
0-3 4-7 8 9 10 11 12	bf## a### 0 0 1 y b	Item contains maps and plates but no other illustrated material. Item has a bibliography but no other distinctive form of contents. Not a conference publication. Not a festschrift. Item has an index. Not a literary text. Individual biography.

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106 CODED DATA FIELD: TEXTUAL MATERIAL - PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES

This field contains coded data relating to the physical form of textual material.

Occurrence

Optional. Not repeatable.

Indicators

Indicator 1: blank (not defined)
Indicator 2: blank (not defined)

Subfield

$a Textual Material Coded Data Physical Medium Designator
A one character code indicates the physical medium of the item. The following codes are used:

d = large print
e = newspaper format
f = Braille or Moon script
g = microprint
h = hand-written
i = multimedia (e.g. an item in regular print with a microfiche supplement)
j = mini-print
r = regular print
z = other form of textual material

Notes on Field Contents

Where the textual material is regular print, the field may contain code 'r' or be omitted altogether.

Related fields

RECORD LABEL, character position 6, Type of Record

1-- CODED DATA FIELDS for other types of materials

200 TITLE AND STATEMENT OF RESPONSIBILITY subfield $b, General Material Designation

451 OTHER EDITION IN SAME MEDIUM

452 EDITION IN A DIFFERENT MEDIUM
Used to link the current record to the original physical medium of the item.

500 UNIFORM TITLE subfield $b, General Material Designation

Examples

EX 1
106 ##$ae
The item is a newspaper.

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110 CODED DATA FIELD: SERIALS

This field contains coded data relating to serials including monographic series catalogued as series rather than as individual monographs.

Occurrence

Optional. Not repeatable. It is recommended that it should always be present in records of serials.

Indicators

Indicator 1: blank (not defined)
Indicator 2: blank (not defined

Subfields

$a Serial Coded Data
All data entered in $a is identified by character position within the subfield. Conventionally the character positions are numbered from 0 to 10. All character positions defined must appear in the subfield. Not repeatable.

Subfield $a fixed-length data elements:

Name of Data Element	Number of characters	Character Positions
Type of serial designator Frequency of issue Regularity Type of material code Nature of contents code Conference publication indicator Title page availability codes Index availability code Cumulative index availability code	1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1	0 1 2 3 4-6 7 8 9 10

Notes on Field Contents

If coding is not attempted on a data element, the fill character should be used in the character positions designated for that data element.

$a/0 Type of serial designator
A one character code indicating the type of serial.

a = periodical
A type of serial in which the parts (called issues) are generally characterised by variety of contents and contributors, both within the issue and from one issue to another. With the general exception of newspapers and some other types of popular periodicals, issues are commonly designed and numbered as constituents of a volume which is completed at determined intervals, usually annually, at which point a volume title page, contents page and index may be issued.

b = monographic series
A type of serial characterised by each part having a distinctive title and often individual authorship in addition to the series having a constant title. Each part will usually contain only a single work or a closely related group of works. Systematic or sequential numbering of parts is a common but not invariable further characteristic.

c = newspaper
A type of periodical characterised by the fact that it contains topical information and is usually printed in columns down each page.

z = other

$a/1 Frequency of issue
A one-character code indicating the frequency of a serial.

a = daily
b = semiweekly (twice a week)
c = weekly
d = biweekly (every two weeks)
e = semimonthly (twice a month)
f = monthly
g = bimonthly (every two months)
h = quarterly
i = three times a year
j = semi-annual (twice a year)
k = annual
l = biennial (every two years)
m = triennial (every three years)
n = three times a week
o = three times a month
u = unknown
y = no frequency (i.e. irregular). See also character position 2 below.
z = other

$a/2 Regularity
A one-character code indicating the regularity of a serial

a = regular
Serial is issued at regular intervals

b = normalised irregular
Serial is not completely regular, but is irregular in a predictable pattern, e.g. monthly except July-August)

u = not known

y = irregular

$a/3 Type of material code
A one-character code indicating whether a serial, as a whole, is one of certain frequently used types of reference materials. One character position only is available and the category most prominent in the item should be selected.

a = bibliography
The serial consists of a bibliography, e.g., a national bibliography

b = catalogue
A list of bibliographic items in a collection or exhibition or available from a particular agency such as a publisher or bookshop, e.g. a publisher's catalogue in serial form.

c = index
E.g. a serial index to a serial. For the availability of an index to the serial itself see character position 9.

d = abstract or summary
Includes descriptive, indicative and informative abstracts.

e = dictionary
Serial consisting of an alphabetical listing of words with a short description of their meaning and usage or with equivalents in another language.

f = encyclopaedia
Serial listing names or terms in a given subject with an extensive description usually alphabetically arranged.

g = directory
Ordered list of persons, corporate bodies or places with information about each

h = yearbook
Serial designed to present a body of reference matter intended to be revised at annual intervals, or reporting or reviewing the year's work or the main events of the year in a particular field of interest.

i = statistics
Numerical facts on a subject systematically collected and usually arranged in tabular form, e.g. statistical reports.

j = programmed texts
Serial in which material is presented to be learnt immediately before passing on to the next section.

k = reviews
i.e. a serial consisting of book reviews and/or reviews or moving pictures, etc.

1 = laws and legislation
Documents including texts of laws.

m = law reports and digests
Regular reviews of legal proceedings.

n = legal articles
Articles in a journal dealing with general legal topics.

o = legal cases and case notes
Reports and discussions on legal cases.

p = biography
Used when a serial consists of an individual bibliography, collective biographies or contains biographical information, e.g. a who's who.

r = literature surveys/reviews
Narrative surveys, often critical, of activity in a specific field as documented in the literature, often linked to a bibliography. Also known as state-of-the-art reviews.

t = cartoons or comic strips
Serials published as cartoons for children or adults.

z = other kinds of contents

# = position value not needed

$a/4-6 Nature of contents code
Three characters indicating whether a serial contains one or more frequently-used types of reference materials, to be distinguished from Type of material code which indicates what the serial is. Up to three codes can be used (left justified); unused positions contain blanks. If more than three codes are appropriate, their order in the list determines which are recorded. The codes given for character position 3 above are used.

$a/7 Conference publication indicator
A one-character code indicating whether the serial contains the proceedings, reports or summaries of a conference, meeting or symposium, e.g. annual conference proceedings.

0 = not a conference publication
l = conference publication

$a/8 Titlepage availability code
A one-character code indicating the existence of a title page for separate volumes of a serial and the method of acquisition.

a = in last issue of volume-loose
b = in last issue of volume-attached
c = in first issue of next volume-loose
d = in first issue of next volume-attached
e = published separately-free upon request
f = published separately-free-sent automatically
g = published separately-purchase-request
u = unknown at time of record creation
x = not applicable
y = no titlepage issued
z = other

$a/9 Index availability code
A one-character code indicating the availability of an index or a table of contents for separate volumes of a serial and the method of acquisition. A serial which is an index is indicated by code 'c' in character position 3.

a = each issue contains an index to its own contents-loose
b = in last issue of volume-loose- separately paged
c = in last issue of volume-unpaged
d = in last issue of volume-attached
e = in first issue of next volume-loose-separately paged
f = in first issue of next volume-loose-unpaged
g = in first issue of next volume-attached
h = published separately-free-sent automatically
i = published separately-free upon request
j = published separately-bound from publisher-free-sent automatically
k = published separately-bound from publisher-free upon request
l = published separately-bound from publisher-purchase upon request
m = this serial is a supplement or subseries indexed in its parent serial
u = unknown at time of record creation
x = not applicable
y = index is not available
z = other

$a/10 Cumulative index availability code
A one-character code indicating whether a cumulative index or table of contents is issued

0 = no cumulative index or table of contents
l = cumulative index or table of contents available

Related fields

RECORD LABEL, Bibliographic level (character position 7)
Bibliographic level in the RECORD LABEL designates whether the item is a serial, hence whether this field would be expected to be present.

Examples

EX 1
110 ##$aakahg##1zzl
The yearbook of a learned society includes mainly its conference proceedings and a directory of its members. Each volume is bound with title page and index. An index is published every five years. The components of this field are as follows.

Character position	Value	Notes
0 1 2 3 4-6 7 8 9 10	a k a h g## l z z l	Periodical Annual Regular Yearbook Contains director information Contains proceedings of annual conference Other (title page is part of annual volume) Other (index is part of annual volume) Cumulative index available

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115 CODED DATA FIELDS: VISUAL PROJECTIONS, VIDEORECORDINGS AND MOTION PICTURES

This field contains fixed-length coded data applicable to visual projections, videorecordings and motion pictures as defined by ISBD(NBM).

Occurrence

Optional. Repeatable.

Indicators

Indicator 1: blank (not defined)
Indicator 2: blank (not defined)

Subfields

All data entered in the subfields is identified by character position within the subfield. Conventionally the character positions are numbered from 0.

$a Coded Data - General. Not repeatable.

Subfield $a Fixed-length Data Elements

Name of Data Element	Number of Characters	Character Positions
Type of material Length Colour indicator Sound indicator Media for sound Width or dimensions Form of release - visual projection, motion picture Technique - video-recording, motion picture Presentation format - motion picture Accompanying material Form of release - videorecording Presentation format - video- recording Base of emulsion material - visual projection Secondary support material - visual projection Broadcast standard - videorecording	1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1	0 1-3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11-14 15 16 17 18 19

$b Motion Picture Coded Data Archival. Not repeatable.

Subfield $b Fixed-length Data Elements

Name of Data Element	Number of Characters	Character Positions
Generation Production elements Refined categories of colour for moving pictures Film emulsion (polarity) Film base Kind of sound for moving images Kind of film stock or print Deterioration stage Completeness Film inspection date	1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6	0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9-14

Notes on Field Contents

All character positions must appear in the subfield; if coding is not attempted on a data element, the fill character ( | ) should be used.

$a Coded Data - General

$a/0 Type of material
A one-character code indicates the type of material.

a = motion picture
b = visual projection
c = videorecording

$a/1-3 Length
Three numeric characters give the length of the material indicated in the preceding character, Type of material. Length for motion pictures, videotapes, or electronic videorecordings will be expressed in minutes; length for filmstrips, slides, or transparencies will be expressed in number of frames, number of slides, or number of transparencies, respectively. If the length is not known or the type of material is not specific, this data element contains three blanks (###). If the length exceeds three characters, this data element contains three zeros (000). The number is right justified; unused positions contain zeros.

Examples:

Motion picture that is 19 minutes long Type of material: a Length: 019

Filmstrip that is 44 frames in length Type of material: b Length: 044

$a/4 Colour indicator
A one-character code indicates the colour characteristics.

a = black and white
b = colour
c = combination of black and white and colour
u = unknown
z = other (sepia, tinted, etc.)

$a/5 Sound indicator
A one-character code indicates whether the sound is on the medium or separate.

a = sound on medium
b = soundtrack separate
u = unknown
y = no sound

$a/6 Media for sound
A one-character code indicates the medium used to carry the sound, when sound is present.

a = optical sound track on motion picture film
b = magnetic sound track on motion picture film
c = magnetic audio tape in cartridge
d = sound disc
e = magnetic audio tape on reel
f = magnetic audio tape in cassette
g = optical and magnetic sound track on motion picture film
h = videotape
i = videodisc
u = unknown
x = no sound
z = other

$a/7 Width or dimensions
A one-character code indicates the width of films or the dimensions of slides, transparencies, and videotapes.

z = none of these

Motion pictures and filmstrips a = 8mm b = Super 8mm c = 9.5mm d = 16mm e = 28mm f = 35mm g = 70mm	Videotapes a = 8mm m = ¾ in. (2 cm.) n = ¼ in. (½ cm.) o = ½ in. (1 1/3cm.) p = 1 in. (2½ cm.) q = 2 in. (5 cm
Slides	Transparencies
k = 2¼ x 2¼ in. (5½ x 5½ cm.) 1 = 2 x 2 in. (5 x 5 cm.)	r = 8 x 10 in (20 x 25 cm.) s = 4 x 5 in. (10 x 12½ cm.) t = 5 x 7 in. (12½ x 17½ cm.) u = 7 x 7 in. (17½ x 17½ cm.) v = 8 x 8 in. (20 x 20 cm) w = 9 x 9 in. (22½ x 22½ cm.) x = 10 x 10 in (25 x 25 cm.)

$a/8 Form of release - visual projection, motion picture
A one-character code indicates the form of release.

a = film reel
b = film cartridge
c = film cassette
d = other film type
g = filmstrip cartridge
h = filmslip
i = other filmstrip type
j = film strip roll
k = slide, slide set, stereograph
1 = transparency
u = unknown
x = not a motion picture or visual projection
z = other forms of release. See character position 15 for form of release for videorecording.

$a/9 Technique videorecording, motion picture
A one-character code indicates the technique used for motion pictures and videorecordings.

a = animation
b = live action
c = animation and live action
u = unspecified/unknown
x = not a motion picture or video recording
z = other

$a/10 Presentation format - motion picture
A one-character code indicates whether a motion picture has used a standard or special presentation format.

a = standard sound aperture (reduced format)
b = non-anamorphic (wide screen)
c = 3D
d = anamorphic (wide screen)
e = standard silent aperture
f = other wide screen format
x = not a motion picture
u = unknown
z = other

$a/11-14 Accompanying material
Alphabetic character codes indicate the types of material that accompany the material. Up to four codes can be used (left justified), unused positions contain blanks. If more than four codes are appropriate, their order on the following list determines which are recorded.

a = stills
b = script material
c = posters
d = programmes and pressbooks
e = lobby cards
f = instructional materials
g = score or other music format
h = set or costume designs
z = other accompanying material

$a/15 Form of release - videorecording

a = videocartridge
b = videodisc
c = videocassette
d = videoreel
e = electronic videorecording (EVR)
x = not a videorecording
z = other videotype

NOTE: 'Electronic videorecording (EVR)' is an obsolete form of video recording on 16mm film.

$a/16 Presentation format - videorecording

a = Beta (videocassette). home video format introduced in 1975 by Sony Corporation

b = VHS (videocassette)
Home video format developed by Japan Victor Corporation (JVC) and marketed in 1977.

c = U-matic (videocassette)
Video format using Sony's trademark name, referring to its tape threading path in a U-shape. Also known as "U type standard".

d = EIAJ (reel)
The standard ½-inch reel-to-reel helical scan videotape format. Named for the Japanese standards committee (the Electronics Industries Association of Japan) which set the standard for ½ inch video tape recorders manufactured since 1969.

e = Type C (reel)
Video format using one recording head, with tape speed at 9.61 inches per second. This is the broadcast standard in most countries. Type C equipment and technology is made by Sony, RCA, and others.

f = Quadruplex (reel)
Video system using four recording heads, developed by Ampex in the 1950s.

g = Laser optical (Reflective) videodisc
A grooveless, smooth round plastic disc with a mirrorlike surface, usually 12" in diameter, on both sides of which is stored video information. The disk is read by a weak laser beam. This system became available to the public in 1978 and is currently used in home and industrial applications.

h = CED (capacitance electronic disk) videodisc
A grooved, plastic disk, usually 12" in diameter, containing information recorded as deep pits in the bottom of the grooves, and played by an electronic stylus. In 1984 RCA, the manufacturer of CED videodisc players, announced its decision to cease production.

i = V2000 (videocassette)
Home video format developed in Europe by Philips since 1980. Reversible.

j = Video8 (videocassette)
Home video format.

u = unknown

x = not a videorecording

z = other

$a/17 Base of emulsion material - visual projection
A one-character code is used to specify the type of material for the base of the emulsion. The following values are used:

a = safety film
b = film base other than safety film
c = synthetics (plastic, vinyl, etc.)
u = unknown
v = mixed collection (containing more than one type of base)
x = not a visual projection
z = other

$a/18 Secondary support material - visual projection
A one-character code is used to specify the type of material used for the mounting.

a = cardboard
b = glass
c = synthetics (plastic, vinyl, etc.)
d = metal
e = metal and glass
f = synthetics (plastic, vinyl, etc.) and glass
u = unknown
x = not a visual projection
y = not present (no secondary support)
z = other

$a/19 Broadcast standard - videorecording
A one-character code indicates the number of lines (and the system where necessary).

a = 405
b = 525 (e.g. NSTC)
c = 625 PAL
d = 625 SECAM
g = 1125

$b Motion Picture Coded Data - Archival

$b/0 Generation
A one-character position indicates the generation of the film.

a = original
b = master
c = duplicate
d = reference print/viewing copy
u = unknown
x = not applicable
z = other

$b/1 Production elements
A one-character code indicates the production elements of the film. If more than one production element is present, code for the element considered most important.

a = workprint
b = trims
c = outtakes
d = rushes
e = mixing tracks
g = title bands/intertitle rolls
h = production rolls
u = unknown
x = not applicable
z = other

$b/2 Refined categories of colour for moving pictures
A one-character code indicates the colour category.

a = 3 layer colour
b = 2 colour, single strip
c = undetermined 2 colour
d = undetermined 3 colour
e = 3 strip colour
f = 2 strip colour
g = red strip
h = blue or green strip
i = cyan strip
j = magenta strip
k = yellow strip
1 = S E N 2
m = S E N 3
n = sepia tone
o = other tone
p = tint
q = tinted and toned
r = stencil colour
s = handcoloured
u = unknown
x = not applicable (item not a colour film)
z = other

$b/3 Film emulsion (polarity)
A one-character code indicates the film emulsion polarity of the film.

a = positive
b = negative
u = unknown
x = not applicable
z = other

$b/4 Film base
A one-character code indicates the type of film base.

a = safety (triacetate)
b = nitrate
c = safety (diacetate)
d = polyester base (e.g. ester)
u = unknown
v = mixed base (nitrate and safety)
z = other

$b/5 Kind of sound for moving images
A one-character code indicates the number of channels for sound reproduction the item is designed to support.

a = monaural
b = stereophonic
c = multichannel, surround or quadraphonic
u = unknown
v = mixed
x = not applicable (item is silent)
z = other

$b/6 Kind of film stock or print
A one-character code indicates the type of colour film stock or colour print.

a = imbibition dye transfer
b = three layer stock
c = three layer stock (low fade)
d = duplitised stock
u = unknown
x = not applicable (not a colour film)
z = other

$b/7 Deterioration stage
A one character code indicates the amount of deterioration of the film stock. If more than one condition is present, use the code for the most serious condition.

b = nitrate - suspicious odour
c = nitrate - pungent odour
d = nitrate - brownish, discoloration, fading, dusty
e = nitrate - sticky
f = nitrate - frothy, bubbles, blisters
g = nitrate - congealed
h = nitrate - powder
k = non-nitrate - detectable deterioration (e.g. diacetate odour)
l = nonnitrate - advanced deterioration
m = nonnitrate - disaster
y = no deterioration

$b/8 Completeness
A one-character code indicates whether film is judged to be complete or not.

a = incomplete
b = complete
u = unknown
x = not applicable (when it is impossible or inapplicable to determine completeness, e.g. home movies, unedited footage, out-takes, unidentified material)

$b/9-14 Film inspection date
A six-character code records the most recent film inspection date. The components of the date are:

(a) Year. Four numeric characters
(b) Month. Two numeric characters, right justified. Unused positions contain zeros.

EX 1
198109 Last inspection date was September 1981.

EX 2
198300 Last inspection date was in 1983. The month is not known.

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116 CODED DATA FIELD: GRAPHICS

This field contains coded data relating to non-projected graphics as defined by ISBD(NBM) (e.g. prints and photographs) needed for library and museum-based cataloguing.

Occurrence

Optional. Repeatable if more than one type of graphic material is covered by the same catalogue record.

Indicators

Indicator 1: blank (not defined)
Indicator 2: blank (not defined)

Subfields

$a Coded Data for Graphics
All data entered in $a is identified by character position within the subfield. The subfield is currently always 18 characters in length. Conventionally the character positions are numbered 0-17. Not repeatable.

Subfield $a fixed-length data elements

Name of Data Element	Number of Characters	Character Positions
Specific material designation Primary support material Secondary support material Colour Technique (drawings, paintings) Technique (prints) Functional designation	1 1 1 1 6 6 2	0 1 2 3 4-9 10-16 16-17

Notes on Field Contents

If coding is not attempted for a data element, the fill character should be used in the character positions designated for the data element. If all seven data elements are not coded, the field should not be present.

$a/0 Specific material designation
A one-character code is used to record the specific material designation that describes the special class of material (usually the class of physical object) to which the item belongs. The following codes are used:

a = collage
An original work created by affixing various materials (paper, wood, newspaper, cloth, etc.) to a surface.

b = drawing
An original visual representation (other than a print or painting) made with pencil, pen, chalk, or other writing instrument on paper or similar non-rigid support.

c = painting
An original visual representation produced by applying paint to a surface.

d = photomechanical reproduction
Any picture produced in imitation of another picture through the use of a photographic process to transfer the image to a printing surface. Hence, a snapshot made to document a painting or a Xerox copy of a print are considered photomechanical reproductions. Art reproductions, postcards, posters, and study prints are included here.

e = photonegative
A piece of film, a glass plate, or paper on which appears a "negative" image, i.e. directly opposite to a "positive" image (photoprint), slide, or transparency. Used to produce a positive print. Does not include negative photoprints, photoprints that are a combination of negative and positive images, photographs or solarized prints, all of which are considered to be techniques used when making photoprints.

f = photoprint
A positive image made either directly or indirectly on a sensitised surface by the action of light or other radiant energy. The term "photoprint" is used here as a more precise term than "photograph", which technically can cover both the print and the negative. Radiographs and opaque stereographs are included here.

h = picture
A two-dimensional visual representation accessible to the naked eye and generally on an opaque backing. This term is used when a more specific designation is unknown or not desired.

i = print
A design or picture transferred from an engraved plate, wood block, lithographic stone, or other medium. Generally, there are four types: planographic print, relief print, intaglio print, and stencil print.

k = technical drawing
A cross section, detail, diagram, elevation, perspective, plan, working plan, etc., made for use in an engineering or other technical context.

z = other non-projected graphic type
Other types not included in the above. Includes mixed media productions made by a combination of freehand and printing techniques when one or the other does not predominate. In some cases, where mixed media are applied, one must decide whether the creator intends the item to be a photoprint (even though it is painted over the photographic image). Hand colouring is considered a technique applied to a printing process; this aspect is covered by a character position 3. Computer-produced graphics and the various duplication masters (including spirit masters and transparency masters) are included here.

$a/1 Primary support material
A one-character code is used to specify the type of material used for the primary support (i.e., the support or base on which an image is printed or executed) of a non-projected graphic. The following codes are used:

a = canvas
b = bristol board
c = cardboard/illustration board
d = glass
e = synthetics (plastic, vinyl, etc.)
f = skins (leather, parchment, vellum, etc.)
g = textiles (including man-made fibres)
h = metal
i = paper
j = plaster
k = hardboard
l = porcelain
m = stone
n = wood
u = unknown
v = mixed collection
z = other

$a/2 Secondary support material
A one-character code is used to specify the type of material (other than normal museum matting) to which the primary support is attached (mounting).

This character position is coded only when the mount or mat is of historical, informational, aesthetic, or archival importance. (In other cases code "y" is used.) The same codes are used within this element as with Primary support material (Character position 1), with the following additional code:

y = no secondary support

$a/3 Colour
A one-character code is used to specify the colour of the non-projected graphic item. The following codes are used:

a = one-colour, monochrome
The image is printed or executed in one colour. Code "a" is used for monochrome art works. It is not used with photographic materials.

b = black-and-white
The image is printed or executed in black and white.

c = multicoloured
The image is printed or executed in more than one colour.

d = hand coloured
The image, produced by a printing or photographic process, is hand coloured.

u = unknown

v = mixed
The work or collection is a combination of one-colour, black-and-white, coloured, hand-coloured, and/or other images.

x = not applicable
The characteristic is not appropriate to the type of material being presented.

z = other
The image has colour characteristics other than specified above, e.g. stained, tinted, toned (e.g. sepia).

$a/4-9 Techniques (Drawings, Paintings)
A two-character code is used to specify the technique in which drawing and paintings are executed. There are three two-character positions for technique codes and they should be entered from left to right, any unused positions being filled with blanks. If a graphic is not a drawing or painting, the first character positions contain xx (Not Applicable) and the remaining positions contain blanks. The following codes are used:

aa = pencil
ab = graphite
ac = colour pencil
ad = India ink
ae = lavierung India ink
af = coal
ag = chalk
ah = black chalk
ai = sanguine
aj = water colour
ak = tempera
al = gouache
am = pastel
an = oil
ba = felt-tip pen
bb = stain
bc = crayon
bd = sepia
be = writing ink
bf = casein
bg = golding
bh = encaustic
bi = acrylics
bj = collage
bk = silver point
bl = air brush
uu = unknown
vv = mixed
xx = not applicable
zz = other

$a/10-15 Technique (Prints)
A two-character code is used to specify the technique in which prints are executed. There are three two-character positions for technique codes and they should be entered from left to right, any unused positions being filled with blanks. If a graphic is not a print, the first two character positions contain xx (Not Applicable) and the remaining positions contain blanks. The following codes are used:

ba = woodcut
bb = chiaroscuro woodcut
bc = white-line woodcut
bd = camaiu
be = heliogravure
bf = chromolithography
bg = lino-cut
bh = etching
bi = lithography
bj = photolithography
bk = zincography
bl = algraphy
bm = aquatint
bn = reservage (sugar aquatint)
ca = vernis-mou (soft ground etching or tracing)
cb = engraving
cc = engraving in the crayon manner
cd = burin engraving
ce = drypoint
cf = mezzotinta (mezzotint)
cg = monotype
ch = silkscreen
ci = steel engraving
cj = computer graphics
ck = photocopying
uu = unknown
vv = mixed
xx = not applicable
zz = other

$a/16-17 Functional Designation
A two-character code is used to describe the functional form of the item. If the code does not apply, the two character positions contain xx (Not Applicable). The following codes are used:

aa = architectural drawing
Graphic delineation made for the design and construction (or documentation of design and construction) of sites, structures, buildings, details, fixtures, furnishings, and decorations, as well as other objects designed by an architect or architectural office.

ab = item cover
Cover forming the binding or outer enclosure of an item, i.e. hardback or paperback book covers, record sleeves, etc. Covers may be detached or attached to the item.

ac = sticker
Message or design on slips of paper that are gummed or otherwise treated to adhere to a surface. Also included book owners' identification labels (ex libris); usually intended for attaching inside a book. Book plates may be attached or detached.

ad = poster
Single or multi-sheet chiefly pictorial notice made for posting, usually in a public place, to attract attention to events, activities, causes, goods, or services. The purely decorative posters made since about 1960 are included.

ae = postcard
Card with a graphic scene on one side, on which a message may be written or printed for mailing without an envelope.

af = greetings card
Card sent or given on special occasions; usually bearing messages of good will.

ag = chart
An opaque sheet that exhibits information in a graphic or tabular form, e.g. a wall chart.

ah = playing cards
Cards made in sets of a designated number of cards and marked for use in playing one or more games or telling fortunes; marks may follow a standard suit and rank system or may be special designs.

ai = flash card
A card or other opaque material printed with words, numerals, or pictures and designed for rapid display. Activity cards are included here.

aj = ephemera
Transient everyday items, usually printed and on paper, that are manufactured for a specific limited use, then often thrown away. Also included everyday items that are meant to be saved, at least for a while.

uu = unknown

vv = mixed

xx = not applicable

zz = other

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117 CODED DATA FIELD: THREE-DIMENSIONAL ARTEFACTS AND REALIA

This field contains coded data relating to three-dimensional artefacts and realia as defined by ISBD(NBM) for library and museum-based cataloguing.

Occurrence

Optional. Repeatable if more than one type of three-dimensional artefacts and realia material is covered by the same catalogue record.

Indicators

Indicator 1: blank (not defined)
Indicator 2: blank (not defined)

Subfields

$a Coded Data for Three-Dimensional Artefacts and Realia
All data entered in $a is identified by character position within the subfield. The subfield is currently always nine characters in length. Conventionally the character positions are numbered 0-8. Not repeatable.

Subfield $a Fixed-length Data Elements

Name of Data Element	Number of Characters	Character Positions
Specific Material Designation Material Colour	2 6 1	0-1 2-7 8

Notes on Field Contents

If coding is not attempted for a data element, the fill character should be used in the character positions designated for the data element. If all three data elements are not coded, the field should not be present.

$a/0-1 Specific Material Designation
A two-character code is used to record the specific material designation that describes the special class of material (usually the class of physical object) to which the item belongs. The following codes are used:

aa = study kit
ab = laboratory and construction kits
ac = specimens (biological etc.)
ad = fauna
ae = flora
af = minerals
ag = microscope slides
ah = jigsaws
ai = tools and equipment
aj = arms
ak = containers
al = furniture
am = transport
an = textiles
ao = clothes
ap = games and recreation
aq = toys
ar = dolls
as = models
at = models for making
ba = dioramas
bb = replicas
bc = sculptures
bd = design objects
be = industrial production
bf = machines
bg = coins
bh = medals
bi = jewellery
bj = artefacts
uu = unknown
vv = mixed
zz = other

$a/2-7 Material
A two-character code is used to specify the type of material the three-dimensional artefact or realia is made of. There are three two-character positions for type of material codes and they should be entered from left to right, any unused positions being filled with blanks. The following codes are used:

aa = terra-cotta
ab = wax
ac = clay
ad = majolica
ae = porcelain
af = ceramic
ag = plaster
ah = glass
ba = wood
ca = ivory
da = stone
db = precious stones
dc = marble
dd = basalt
de = sempertite
df = porphyry
ea = paper
eb = cardboard
fa = precious metals
fb = metal
fc = bronze
fd = copper
ga = synthetics
ha = textile
ia = plastic
uu = unknown
vv = mixed
zz = other

$a/8 Colour
A one-character code is used to specify the colour of the three-dimensional artefact and realia. The following codes are used:

a = one-colour, monochrome
The item is executed in one colour (monochrome).

b = black-and-white
The item is executed in black and white.

c = multicoloured
The item is executed in more than one colour.

d = hand coloured
The item is hand coloured.

u = unknown

v = mixed
The work or collection is a combination of one-colour, black-and-white, coloured, hand-coloured, and/or other images.

x = not applicable
The characteristic is not appropriate to the type of material being presented.

z = other
The item is other than specified above.

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120 CODED DATA FIELD: CARTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS - GENERAL

This field contains fixed-length coded data generally applicable to cartographic material.

Occurrence

Mandatory for cartographic materials. Not repeatable.

Indicators

Indicator 1: blank (not defined)
Indicator 2: blank (not defined)

Subfields

$a Cartographic Material Coded Data (General)
All data is entered in subfield $a and identified by character position within the subfield. Conventionally the character positions are numbered from 0 to 12. All character positions defined must appear in the subfield. Not repeatable.

Subfield $a Fixed-length Data Elements:

Name of Data Element	Number of Characters	Character Positions
Colour indicator Index indicator Narrative text indicator Relief codes Map projection Prime meridian	1 1 1 4 2 4	0 1 2 3-6 7-8 9-12

Notes on Field Contents

$a/0 Colour indicator
A one-character code indicates the use of colour on the item.

a = one colour
b = multi-colour

$a/1 Index indicator
A one-character code indicates whether the item carries an index or name list.

a = index or name list on cartographic item itself
b = index or name list accompanying cartographic item in booklet, pamphlet, unattached cover, etc.
c = index or name list present but location not specified
y = no index or name list

$a/2 Narrative text indicator
A one-character code indicates whether the item has text.

a = text on cartographic item itself
b = text accompanying cartographic item in booklet, pamphlet, unattached cover, etc.
y = no narrative text

$a/3-6 Relief codes
Alphabetic character codes indicate the types of relief. The list is intended to encode only the most commonly found types of relief representation. Up to four codes can be used (left justified); unused positions contain blanks, when no relief code is applied, the four character positions contain blanks. The types are recorded in the record in order of their importance to the material being described.

a = contours
b = continuous tone shaded relief
c = hypsometric tints layer method
d = hachures
e = bathymetry soundings
f = form lines
g = spot heights
h = other methods in colour (e.g. in the style of Imhof)
i = pictorially
j = landforms (e.g. in the style of Lobeck, Raisz, Fenneman)
k = bathymetry - isolines
x = not applicable
z = other methods of relief representation

$a/7-8 Map projection
A two-character code indicates the type of projection if the projection is on the item.

Azimuthal projections:	Conic projections:
aa = Aitoff ab = gnomonic ac = Lambert's azimuthal equal area ad = orthographic ae = azimuthal equidistant af = stereographic ag = azimuthal equal area au = azimuthal, specific type unknown of the World az = azimuthal, other known specific type	ca = Albers equal area cb = Bonne cc = Lambert's conformal conic cd = conic (simple) ce = Miller's bipolar oblique conformal conic cf = De Lisle cg = projection of the International Map ch = Tissot's conformal conic cp = polyconic cu = conic, specific type unknown cz = conic, other known specific type

Cylindrical projections:	Other projections:
ba = Gall bb = Goode's homolographic bc = Lambert's cylindrical equal area bd = Mercator be = Miller bf = Mollweide bg = sinusoidal bh = transverse Mercator bi = Gauss bj = Plate Carree bk = Cassini's bl = Laborde bm = Oblique Mercator bu = cylindrical, specific type unknown bz = cylindrical, other known specific type	da = armadillo db = butterfly dc = Eckert dd = Goode's homolosine de = Miller's bipolar df = Van der Griten dg = dimaxion dh = cordiform di = polyhedric uu = type of projection unknown xx = not applicable zz = other known type

$a/9-12 Prime meridian
A two-character code indicates the prime meridian of the item when it is mentioned or is easily determined. Up to two prime meridians can be specified (left justified); unused positions contain blanks.

aa = Greenwich, United Kingdom (International prime meridian)
ab = Amsterdam, Netherlands
ac = Athens, Greece
ad = Batavia (Djakarta) Indonesia
ae = Berne, Switzerland
af = Bogota, Colombia
ag = Bombay, India
ah = Brussels, Belgium
ai = Cadiz, Spain
aj = Capetown, South Africa
ak = Caracas, Venezuela
al = Copenhagen, Denmark
am = Cordoba Argetina
an = Ferro, Canary Islands
ao = Helsinki, Finland
ap = Istanbul, Turkey
aq = Julianehaab, Greenland
ar = Lisbon, Portugal
as = London, United Kingdom
at = Madras, India
ba = Madrid, Spain
bb = Mexico City, Mexico
bc = Moscow, Russia
bd = Munich, Germany
be = Naples, Italy
bf = Oslo (Christiania) Norway
bg = Paris, France
bh = Peking, People's Republic of China
bi = Philadelphia, USA
bj = Pulkova (Leningrad), Russia
bk = Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
bl = Rome, Italy
bm = Santiago, Chile
bn = Stockholm, Sweden
bo = Sydney, Australia
bp = Tirana, Albania
bq = Tokyo, Japan
br = Washington, DC, USA
uu = unknown
zz = other

Related Fields

131 CODED DATA FIELD: CARTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS - GEODETIC, GRID AND VERTICAL MEASUREMENT
This field describes other physical attributes.

206 CARTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS : MATHEMATICAL DATA
Contains statements of projection in the form required by ISBD(CM).

215 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
This field also contains data about an item's colour.

Examples

120 ##$abyaa###bdaa##
A coloured map has text on it but no index. The projection is Mercator's, relief is shown by contours and the prime meridian is Greenwich.

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121 CODED DATA FIELD: CARTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS: PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES

This field contains coded data relating to the physical attributes of cartographic materials.

Occurrence

Optional. Not repeatable.

Indicators

Indicator 1: blank (not defined)
Indicator 2: blank (not defined)

Subfields

$a Cartographic Material Coded Data: Physical attributes (General)
Not repeatable.

Subfield $a Fixed-length Data Elements

Name of Data Element	Number of Characters	Character Positions
Physical dimension Primary cartographic image Physical medium Creation technique Form of reproduction Geodetic adjustment Physical form of publication	1 2 2 1 1 1 1	0 1-2 3-4 5 6 7 8

$b Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing Coded Data: Physical Attributes. Not repeatable
Subfield $b Fixed-length Data Elements

Name of Data Element	Number of Characters	Character Positions
Altitude of sensor Attitude of sensor Spectral bands Quality of image Cloud cover Mean value of ground resolution	1 1 2 1 1 2	0 1 2-3 4 5 6-8

Notes on Field Contents

$a Cartographic Material Coded Data: Physical Attributes (General)

$a/0 Physical dimension
A one-character code indicates the physical dimensions of the item.

a = 2-dimensional
b = 3-dimensional

$a/1-2 Primary cartographic image
One-character codes indicate the techniques used for the creation of the primary cartographic image. Up to two techniques can be recorded (left justified); unused positions contain blanks.

a = manually and plotted
E.g. maps produced by plotting instruments such as stereo plotters with or without computer assistance; maps drawn or painted by hand.

b = photographically
E.g. cartographic items produced by conventional (visible spectrum) aerial photographic techniques such as aerial photography, photo maps, orthophotos.

c = by computer
E.g. maps produced by a computer line printer.

d = by active remote sensing techniques
Excludes techniques covered by codes a, b, or c.

e = by passive remote sensing techniques
Excludes techniques covered by codes a, b, or c.

Examples:

Printed line map is coded: a#
Photomap enhanced with line map features is coded: ba
MSS satellite remote sensing image is coded: e#
Radar remote sensing image is coded: d#

$a/3-4 Physical medium
A two-character code indicates the physical medium of the cartographic item. The first character of the code indicates the general type of physical medium. The second character gives the specific type. This code is used to show that the cartographic item is made of the material indicated, e.g. when the cartographic item is a metal plate, a lithographic stone, a scribed plate on a plastic base, etc. Non-photographic medium:

aa = paper
ab = wood
ac = stone
ad = metal
ae = synthetics (e.g. plastics, vinyl)
af = skin (e.g. parchment, vellum)
ag = textile including manmade fibre textiles (e.g. silk, cloth, nylon)
ah = magnetic storage medium - computer compatible
ai = magnetic storage medium - not computer compatible
aj = tracing paper
ak = cardboard
ap = plaster
au = unknown
az = other nonphotographic medium

Photographic medium:

ba = transparent or opaque flexible base positive
bb = transparent or opaque flexible base negative
bc = transparent or opaque non-flexible base positive
bd = transparent or opaque non-flexible base negative
bz = other photographic medium

$a/5 Creation technique
A one-character code indicates the final step creation technique of the original cartographic item.

a = manuscript
Hand drawn, including constructions of unique items such as stone carvings, models, etc.

b = printing
Offset, engraving, wood block print, lithographed, stamped, Braille, relief, etc.

c = photocopying
All macroform hard copy produced directly on opaque material by radiant energy through contact or projection.

d = microphotography
All microform copy on transparent material produced either by filming or by computer output.

u = unknown

y = the cartographic item is not a final product but is on a preproduction medium as specified in character positions 3-4, Physical medium

z = other

Examples:

Printed photomap enhanced with line map feature: b
Photomap on photographic paper: c

$a/6 Form of reproduction
A one-character code indicates the form of reproduction of the item.

a = by hand
b = printed
c = photography
d = transfer line print (e.g., Xerox, blueprints, ozalid)
y = not a reproduction

$a/7 Geodetic adjustment
A one-character code indicates the geodetic adjustment of the item. Further details are given in field 131.

a = no adjustment
b = adjusted but without grid system
c = adjusted with grid system
x = not applicable

$a/8 Physical form of publication
A one-character code indicates the physical form of publication of the item.

a = single
b = in parts
Published as a series, published as a serial, published in sections
c = atlas including looseleaf published atlas
d = as a separate supplement to a journal, monograph, etc.
e = bound into a journal, monograph, etc.
z = other

$b Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing Coded Data: Physical Attributes

$b/0 Altitude of Sensor
A one-character code indicates the altitude of the sensor's platform for cartographic items.

a = terrestrial
b = aerial
c = space

$b/1 Attitude of sensor
A one-character code indicates the attitude of the sensed image resulting from the angle of the sensor when recording the image for cartographic items.

a = low oblique
b = high oblique
c = vertical

$b/2-3 Spectral bands

Two numeric characters indicate the number of spectral bands involved. The number is right justified, unused positions contain zeros. Applicable only to remote sensing.

01 to 99 = number of bands
xx = not applicable

$b/4 Quality of image
A one-character code indicates the quality of the image.

a = poor
b = fair
c = good
d = very good

$b/5 Cloud cover
A numeric character indicates the cloud cover in eighths.

1 = 1/8 cover	5 = 5/8 cover
2 = 2/8 cover	6 = 6/8 cover
3 = 3/8 cover	7 = 7/8 cover
4 = 4/8 cover	8 = completely covered by clouds

$b/6-7 Mean value of ground resolution
A two-character code indicates the mean value of the ground resolution. Character position 6 carries either the numeric mean value for the resolution or an indication that it is less than 1 centimetre or greater than 9 kilometres. Character position 7 carries a code for the metric unit used. Applicable only to remote sensing.

$b/6Mean ground resolution values

- = less than 1 centimetre
19 = numeric value
+ = greater than 9 kilometres
x = not applicable

$b/7 Metric unit codes

c = centimetres
i = decimetres
m = metres
d = decametres
h = hectametres
k = kilometres
x = not applicable

Examples:

Mean ground resolution of 5 centimetres: 5c
Mean ground resolution of 80 metres: 8d
Mean ground resolution of 10 kilometres: +k
Not remote sensing: xx

Related Fields

120 CODED DATA FIELD: CARTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS - GENERAL

131 CODED DATA FIELD: CARTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS - GEODETIC, GRID AND VERTICAL MEASUREMENT
These fields are used to code other attributes of cartographic materials.

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122 CODED DATA FIELD: TIME PERIOD OF ITEM CONTENT

This field contains a formatted indication of the period covered by the item.

Occurrence

Optional. Repeatable only to distinguish between multiple single dates and a range of dates (EX 1).

Indicators

Indicator 1: Number of Dates Indicator
0 Single dated item
1 Multiple single dates
2 Range of dates

Indicator 2: blank (not defined)

Subfields

$a Time period, 9999 B.C. to present (EX 2,3). Repeatable (EX 1)

Notes on Field Contents

Subfield $a consists of a minimum of 5 characters and a maximum of 11. The components are:

$a/0 Era identifier

One alphabetic character (Mandatory):
c = date falls before the year 1 in the Gregorian calendar, i.e. B.C.
d = date falls after the year 1 in the Gregorian calendar, i.e. A.D.

$a/1-4 Year
Four numeric characters, right justified; unused positions contain zeros. Mandatory.

$a/5-6 Month
Two numeric characters, right justified; unused positions contain zeros. Optional.

$a/7-8 Day
Two numeric characters, right justified; unused positions contain zeros. Optional.

$a/9-10 Time
Two numeric characters, right justified; unused positions contain zeros. Based on a 24 hour clock, local time, rounded to the nearest whole hour. Optional.

If one optional code is used, all the earlier optional codes must be used.

Related Fields

100 GENERAL PROCESSING DATA, Date of publication (character positions 8-16)
This field is used as well as or instead of field 122 where the date of issue is the same as the time period of item content.

661 TIME PERIOD CODE
This field contains the Time Period Code, indicating only the decades covered by the item. It may be used as well as or instead of field 122.

Examples

EX 1
122 2#$ad1971$ad1979
122 0#$ad1986
Codes for a map surveyed between 1971 and 1979 and then revised to add 1986 information.

EX 2
122 0#$ad16051105
The code for Guy Fawkes' Gunpowder Plot, 5 November 1605

EX 3
122 0#$ad1976080214
The situation date (2 August 1976, 14:08 hours) of a remote sensing image

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123 CODED DATA FIELD: CARTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS - SCALE AND CO-ORDINATES

This field contains the scale and co-ordinate data as entered in field 206 but in coded form.

Occurrence

Mandatory. Repeatable when an item contains material in different scales and with different co-ordinates.

Indicators

Indicator 1: Type of Scale Code Indicator

This indicator shows whether single or multiple scales are recorded:

0 Scale indeterminable
1 Single scale
2 Multiple scales
3 Range of scales
4 Approximate scale

Indicator 2: blank (not defined)

Subfields

$a Type of Scale (Mandatory)
A one-character code indicating the type of scale with the following values:

a = linear scale
b = angular scale
z = other type of scale (e.g., time scale, quantitative statistical scale)

Not repeatable.

$b Constant Ratio Linear Horizontal Scale
The horizontal scale in the form of the denominator of a representative fraction. Used for planetary as well as terrestrial cartographic items. Repeatable.

$c Constant Ratio Linear Vertical Scale
The vertical scale in the form of the denominator of a representative fraction. Used for planetary as well as terrestrial items. Repeatable.

$d Co-ordinates - Westernmost Longitude
$e Co-ordinates - Easternmost Longitude
$f Co-ordinates - Northernmost Latitude
$g Co-ordinates - Southernmost Latitude

Co-ordinates for planetary or terrestrial items. Each subfield is fixed at 8 characters and is not repeatable. Each contains the following data:

Character position 0

Hemisphere: one-character code:

w = west
e = east
n = north
s = south

Character positions 1 to 3
Degree: 3 numeric characters, right justified, filled with zeros

Character positions 4 to 5
Minute: 2 numeric characters, right justified, filled with zeros

Character positions 6 to 7
Second: 2 numeric characters, right justified, filled with zeros

$h Angular Scale
The angular scale of celestial maps in the form of a 4 character number right justified and filled with zeros, giving the scale in terms of millimetres to a degree. Repeatable.

$i Declination - Northern Limit
$j Declination - Southern Limit
$k Right ascension - Eastern Limits
$m Right ascension - Western Limits

Co-ordinates for celestial cartographic items. Subfields are not repeatable. Subfields $i and $j are each 8 characters long and contain the same components as subfields $f and $g (see above) except that character position 0 contains a plus sign (for the northern celestial hemisphere) or a minus sign (for the southern celestial hemisphere). Subfields $k and $m are each 6 characters long and contain the following data:

Character positions 0 to 1
Hour: 2 numeric characters, right justified, filled with zeros

Character positions 2 to 3
Minute: 2 numeric characters, right justified, filled with zeros

Character positions 4 to 5
Second: 2 numeric characters right justified, filled with zeros

$n Equinox
The equinox for celestial cartographic items with the year entered according to the Gregorian calendar as a four character date right justified with zeros. Not repeatable.

$o Epoch
The epoch for celestial cartographic items with the year entered according to the Gregorian calendar as a four character date right justified with zeros. Not repeatable.

Notes on Field Contents

When the scale is indeterminable, the field contains only subfield $a and co-ordinates if they are present.

When the item is multipart and has multiple horizontal and/or vertical scales, all of the scales are given in repeating subfields. However, for three or more scales, the range of scales can be given in subfields $b or $c; the smaller denominator is recorded in the first occurrence of the particular subfield and the larger in the second occurrence.

When the co-ordinates for a map or plan are given in terms of a centre point rather than outside limits, the longitude and latitude that form the central axes are each recorded twice, in subfields $d and $e (longitude) and subfields $f and $g (latitude). Similarly, when the declination and right ascension for celestial charts are given relative to the centre of the chart rather than to its limits, they are each recorded twice, in subfields $i and $j (declination) and subfields $k and $m (ascension).

Related Fields

206 CARTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS - MATHEMATICAL DATA
Scale and co-ordinates are recorded in field 206 in the form prescribed by ISBD (CM).

Examples

Flat maps and globes:

EX 1
123 l#$aa$b253440$de0790000$ee0860000$fn0200000$gn0120000
A map covering part of India which is 4 inches to the mile (1:253440) longitude 79°E to 86°E, latitude 20°N to 12°N.

EX 2
123 2#$aa$bl50000$b25000$de0150000$ee0173045$fn0013012$gs0023035
A map of part of Zaire of linear scale of 1:150000 and 1:25000, longitude 15°E to 17°30'45 E; latitude 1°30'12 N to 2°30'35 S.

Relief models:

EX 3
123 2#$aa$b744080$c96000$de1193000$eel220000$fn0250000$gn0220000
A relief map of Taiwan with horizontal scale of 1:744080 and vertical scale of 1:96000; longitude 119°30'E to 122°E, latitude 25°N to 22°N.

EX 4
123 2#$aa$b90000$cl0000$dwll20000$ewl090000$fn0600000$gn0490000
A relief map of part of Alberta and Saskatchewan in Canada with a horizontal scale of 1:90000 and a vertical scale of 1:10000; longitude 109°W to 112°W; latitude 60°N to 49°N.

Celestial chart:

EX 5
123 0#$ab$i-0160000$j-0490000$k163000$m193000$nl950$o1948
A celestial chart with an angular scale, with declination -16° to -49°, right ascension from 16 hr 30 min to 19 hr 30 min, equinox 1950, epoch 1948.

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124 CODED DATA FIELD: CARTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS-SPECIFIC MATERIAL DESIGNATION ANALYSIS

This field contains fixed length coded data relating to the characteristics of photographic, non-photographic and remote sensing image types of cartographic materials.

Occurrence

Not repeatable.

Indicators

Indicator 1: blank (not defined)
Indicator 2: blank (not defined)

Subfields

$a Character of Image

a = non-photographic image
b = photographic image
c = remote sensing image

$b Form of Cartographic Item
Contains a one-character code. Repeatable.

a = atlas
b = diagram
c = globe
d = map
e = model
f = profile
g = remote sensing image
h = section
i = view
j = plan
z = other

$c Presentation Technique for Photographic or Non-Photographic Image
Contains a two-character code. Repeatable.

aa = anaglyphic
ab = polarized
ac = planimetric
ad = diagram map
ae = flowline map, flow map
af = dot map
ag = diagrammatric map (i.e. cartogram map)
ah = choropleth
ai = chorochromatic
aj = dasymetric
ak = isopleth
am = anamorphic
an = pictorial map
ao = spatial model on two dimensional surface
ap = mental or cognitive map
aq = views with horizon showing (includes bird's eye views and panoramas)
ar = views without horizon showing (includes bird's eye views and panoramas)
as = map view
da = picto map
db = random dot map
dc = screened
dd = not screened

$d Position of Platform for Photographic or Remote Sensing Image
Contains a one-character code. Repeatable.

a = terrestrial
b = aerial
c = space

$e Category of Satellite for Remote Sensing Image
Contains a one-character code. Repeatable.

a = meteorological
b = earth resources
c = space observing

$f Name of Satellite for Remote Sensing Image
Contains a two-character code. Repeatable.

Meteorological	Earth resources
aa = Tiros ab = ATS ac = NOAA ad = Nimbus ae = METEOSAT	ga = ERTS gb = Landsat I gc = Landsat II gd = Landsat III ge = Seasat gf = Skylab gg = Spacelab

 Space observing

ma = Explorer I
mb = Explorer II

$g Recording Technique for Remote Sensing Image
Contains a two-character code. Repeatable.

Light emission

aa = video recording
ab = false colour photography
ac = multispectral photography
ad = multispectral scanning
av = combination of various light emission techniques

Thermal infrared scanning

da = infrared line scanning
dv = combination of various thermal infrared scanning techniques

Microwave emission

ga = Side-looking Airborne Radar (SLAR)
gb = Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)
gc = passive microwave mapping

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125 CODED DATA FIELD: SOUND RECORDINGS AND PRINTED MUSIC

This field describes the format of printed music, notes whether parts exist and codes the type of literary text for non-music performances.

Occurrence

Optional. Not repeatable.

Indicators

Indicator 1: blank (not defined)
Indicator 2: blank (not defined)

Subfields

$a Format of Printed Music
Two characters long. Not repeatable.

Subfield $a fixed-length data elements:

Name of Data Element	Number of Characters	Character Positions
Type of score Parts indicator	1 1	0 1

$b Literary Text Indicator (Non-Music Performance)
Two-characters long. Not repeatable.

Notes on Field Contents

$a Format of Printed Music

$a/0 Type of Score
A one-character code indicates the type of music score.

a = full score, graphic score
b = score (miniature or study size)
c = vocal score, accompaniment reduced for keyboard
d = voice score, chorus score, accompaniment has been dropped
e = condensed score, piano-conductor score
g = close score (e.g. hymnals)
m = multiple formats
u = unknown
x = not applicable, not a score
z = other

$a/1 Parts Indicator (character position 1)
A one-character code indicates the existence of parts for a score.

a = parts exist
u = unknown
x = not applicable
y = parts not present

$b Literary Text Indicator
Alphabetic character codes indicate the type of literary text for a non-music performance. Up to two one-character codes can be used (left justified); unused positions contain blanks. If more than two codes are appropriate, their order on the following list determines which are recorded. Not repeatable.

a = poetry
b = drama
c = fiction (novels, short stories, etc.)
d = history
e = lectures, speeches
f = instructions (How to ...)
g = sounds
h = autobiography
i = biography
j = essays
k = reporting
l = memoirs
m = rehearsals
n = interviews
o = advertising texts
p = instruction (language)
q = conference proceedings
r = comedy
s = folktales
t = sacred texts
z = other types of literary text

Related Fields

208 MATERIAL SPECIFIC AREA: PRINTED MUSIC SPECIFIC STATEMENT

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126 CODED DATA FIELD: SOUND RECORDINGS - PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES

This field contains coded data relating to the physical attributes of sound recordings.

Occurrence

Not repeatable

Indicators

Indicator 1: blank (not defined)
Indicator 2: blank (not defined)

Subfields

$a Sound Recording Coded Data (General)
Repeatable.

Subfield $a fixed-length data elements:

Name of Data Element	Number of Characters	Character Positions
Form of release Speed Kind of sound Groove width Dimensions (sound recordings) Tape width Tape configuration Accompanying textual material Recording technique Special reproduction characteristics	1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 1 1	0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7-12 13 14

$b Sound Recording Coded Data (Detail)
Not repeatable.

Subfield $b fixed-length data elements:

Name of Data Element	Number of Characters	Character Positions
Kind of disc or cylinder Kind of material Kind of cutting	1 1 1	0 1 2

Notes on Field Contents

$a Sound Recording Coded Data (General)

$a/0 Form of release
A one-character code indicates the form of release.

a = disc
b = tape (open reel)
c = tape (cassette)
d = tape (cartridge)
e = wire recording
f = cylinder
g = roll (player-piano or player organ)
h = film (sound film)
z = other

$a/1 Speed
A one-character code indicates the speed.

u = unknown
x = not applicable
z = other (e.g. non-standardized speed for microgrooves before 1906)

Discs a = 16 2/3 rpm b = 33 1/3 rpm c = 45 rpm d = 78 rpm e = 8 rpm g = 1.4 m. per second (compact discs)	Tapes k = 1 7/8 in. per second l = 15/16 in. per second m = 3 3/4 in. per second n = 7 1/2 in. per second o = 15 in. per second p = 30 in. per second q = 8/10 in. per second r = 4/10 in. per second
Cylinders: h = 1 in. per second (120 rpm) i = 160 rpm

$a/2 Kind of sound
A one-character code indicates the recording mode of the recording.

a = monoaural
b = stereophonic
c = quadraphonic
u = unknown
z = other

$a/3 Groove width
A one-character code indicates the width of the grooves on discs.

a = coarse/standard
b = microgroove/fine
u = unknown
x = not applicable
z = other

Coarse/standard: Discs issued at 78 rpm are usually coarse. Cylinders issued at 120 rpm (which have 100 grooves per inch) are usually standard.

Microgroove/fine: Discs issued at 16 2/3, 33 1/3, and 45 rpm are usually issued as microgroove. Cylinders issued at 160 rpm (which have 200 grooves per inch) are usually issued as fine.

Not applicable: This includes compact discs, which do not have grooves.

$a/4 Dimensions (sound recordings)
A one-character code specifies the diameter of an open reel tape or a disc, or the dimensions of a cassette, cartridge or cylinder.

a = 3 in.
b = 5 in.
c = 7 in.
d = 10 in.
e = 12 in.
f = 16 in.
g = 14 in.
h = 4¾ in. (compact disc)
j = 3 7/8 x 2½ in. cassette
o = 5¼ x 3 7/8 in. cartridge
s = 2¾ x 4 in. cylinder
u = unknown
x = not applicable
z = other

$a/5 Tape width
A one-character code specifies the width of a tape.

a = ¼ in.
b = ½ in.
c = 1 in.
d = 1/8 in.
e = 2 in.
f = 1/3 in. (8 mm.)
u = unknown
x = recording not a tape
z = other

$a/6 Tape configuration
A one-character code indicates the tape configuration.

a = full (1) track
b = half (2) track
c = quarter (4) track
d = eight track
e = twelve track
f = sixteen track
g = twenty-four track
h = six track
u = unknown
x = recording not a tape
z = other

$a/7-12 Accompanying textual material
Alphabetic character codes indicate the contents of programme notes and other accompanying text. Up to six one-character codes can be used (left-justified); unused positions contain blanks. If more than six items are present, the importance of the items in relationship to the work determines which are included.

a = discography
b = bibliography
c = thematic index
d = libretto or text
e = biography of composer
f = biography of performer or history of ensemble
g = technical or historical information on instruments
h = technical information on music
i = historical information about music
j = other historical information
k = ethnological information
l = biography of arranger or transcriber
r = instructional material
s = score
z = other accompanying textual material

$a/13 Recording technique
A one-character code indicates the recording technique

a = acoustic
b = electric
c = digital
u = unknown
z = other

$a/14 Special reproduction characteristics
A one-character code indicates the reproduction characteristics.

a = NAB standard
b = CCIR/IEC standard
c = DBX processed
d = digital (compact disc)
e = Dolby-A encoded
f = Dolby-B encoded
g = Dolby-C encoded
h = CX encoded
x = not applicable
u = unknown
z = other

$b Sound Recording Coded Data (Detail)

$b/0 Kind of disc, cylinder or tape
A one-character code indicates the type of disc, cylinder or tape.

a = instantaneous (unique, cut on the spot)
b = mass produced (most commercial discs or tapes)
c = master tape
d = tape duplication master
e = disc master (negative)
f = mother (positive)
g = stamper (negative)
h = test pressing
u = unknown
x = not applicable
z = other

$b/1