7.1 Basic Level of Functionality
7.3 Basic Level National Bibliographic Record
The mapping of attributes and relationships to user tasks in Chapter 6 serves as the frame of reference for the study group's recommendations regarding basic data to be included in records created by national bibliographic agencies.
Of the various tasks and sub-tasks identified in Tables 6.1 through 6.4, the study group recommends that at a basic level the national bibliographic record should assist the user to do at least the following:
It should be noted that inasmuch as the recommendations in this chapter relate to records created for listing in a national bibliography and such records normally do not reflect data pertaining to the item, the user tasks related to the item are not addressed.
Tables 7.1 through 7.9 specify the data requirements for a basic level national bibliographic record. In the left-hand column of each table are listed the basic user tasks to be supported by the record as identified in section 7.1 above. The centre column lists opposite each basic task the "high value" logical attributes and relationships identified in Tables 6.1 through 6.4 for that particular task. The right-hand column specifies opposite each logical attribute or relationship the individual data elements the study group recommends as the minimum data requirement. The terms used to identify individual data elements correspond to the terms used in the International Standard Bibliographic Descriptions (ISBDs) and the Guidelines for Authority and Reference Entries (GARE). In cases where the data requirement is more narrowly defined than the ISBD or GARE data element, the data element name is qualified to indicate more specifically the type of data to be recorded.
The data element(s) associated with each logical attribute are those where information about the attribute would most commonly be positioned in a bibliographic record. In some cases the same information may be recorded in more than one place in the record (e.g., language of expression may be recorded both as a note and as an addition to a uniform title). In those cases both data elements have been listed opposite the logical attribute, but the basic requirement can be considered to be met if either of the data elements is included in the record.
One data element that has not been listed in the right-hand column is "other title information." Because the data element is defined in the ISBDs largely in terms of its proximity to the title of a manifestation, and may encompass a broad range of different kinds of information, it can be associated with a number of different logical attributes (e.g., form of work intended audience, medium of performance, language of expression, etc.). The data element as such has therefore not been included in the tables. Nevertheless, it should be understood that information pertaining to a logical attribute identified as one that should be reflected in the basic level record may be recorded as "other title information," if applicable, even though the data element associated with the logical attribute may be identified differently in the right-hand column of the tables (e.g., as a note).
It should be noted also that in the tables that follow, the structural relationships linking work to expression and expression to manifestation are assumed always to be reflected in the record (i.e., data pertaining to an expression are assumed always to be linked to data pertaining to the work realized by the expression, and data pertaining to a manifestation are assumed always to be linked to data pertaining to the expression embodied in the manifestation). Thus when a relationship between a work or expression and the person or corporate body responsible for the content of that entity is identified as a requirement, it is assumed that the relationship extends through to the manifestation embodying the expression by virtue of the structural relationships from work to expression and from expression to manifestation. Similarly when a relationship between a work and its subject is identified as a requirement, it is assumed that the relationship extends through to the expression and the manifestation by virtue of the structural relationships from work to expression and from expression to manifestation. The structural relationships between work, expression, and manifestation are therefore implicit, and are not stated explicitly as requirements.
Finally, it should be noted that the data elements identified in Tables 7.1 and 7.2 as enabling the user to find an entity are limited to those that would normally be used as filing devices and/or index entries in a non-automated environment. That does not, however, preclude other data elements that are identified as requirements for the identify, select, or obtain tasks from serving to support the find task as well in an automated environment. Virtually any data element included in the record has the potential for assisting the user to find an entity if the record is accessed in an automated environment in which keyword searching is supported, providing that the data element is indexed.
| To enable the user to – | the basic level national bibliographic record should reflect these logical attributes and relationships – | and should include these specific data elements – |
|---|---|---|
| 7.1 Find all manifestations embodying: | ||
| 7.1.1 the works for which a given person or corporate body is responsible | ■ relationship(s) between the person(s) or corporate body(ies) responsible and the work(s) embodied in the manifestation | ■ name heading(s) for person(s) and/or corporate body(ies) with principal responsibility for the work(s) |
| 7.1.2 the various expressions of a given work | ■ relationship(s) between the work and the expression(s) embodied in the manifestation | ■ title heading(s) for the work(s) |
| 7.1.3 works on a given subject | ■ relationship(s) between the concept(s), etc. that is (are) the subject and the work(s) embodied in the manifestation | ■ subject heading(s) and/or classification number(s) for the principal subject(s) of the work(s) |
| 7.1.4 works in a given series | ■ relationship between the series and the work | ■ heading for the series |
| ■ numbering within series |
| To enable the user to – | the basic level national bibliographic record should reflect these logical attributes and relationships – | and should include these specific data elements – |
|---|---|---|
| 7.2 Find a particular manifestation: | ||
| 7.2.1 when the name(s) of the person(s) and/or corporate body(ies) responsible for the work(s) embodied in the manifestation is (are) known | ■ relationship(s) between the person(s) and/or corporate body(ies) responsible and the work(s) embodied in the manifestation | ■ name heading(s) for person(s) and/or corporate body(ies) with principal responsibility for the work(s) |
| 7.2.2 when the title of the manifestation is known | ■ title of the manifestation | ■ title proper (including number/name of part) |
| ■ parallel title(s)1 | ||
| 7.2.3 when the manifestation identifier is known | ■ manifestation identifier | ■ standard number (or alternative) |
Notes:
1. Parallel titles should be included in the basic record to the extent that the national bibliographic agency considers them important to users.
| To enable the user to – | the basic level national bibliographic record should reflect these logical attributes and relationships – | and should include these specific data elements – |
|---|---|---|
| 7.3 Identify a work | ■ title of the work | ■ title heading for the work |
| ■ relationship(s) between the person(s) and/or corporate body(ies) responsible and the work | ■ name heading(s) for person(s) and/or corporate body(ies) with principal responsibility for the work | |
| ■ intended termination | ■ frequency statement, numbering, [etc.] | |
| ■ medium of performance (musical work)1 | ■ addition to uniform title – medium of performance (music) | |
| ■ numeric designation (musical work)1 | ■ addition to uniform title – numeric designation (music) | |
| ■ key (musical work)1 | ■ addition to uniform title – key (music) | |
| ■ coordinates (cartographic work) | ■ mathematical data statement – coordinates | |
| ■ relationship between the work and the parent work2 | ■ note on ... bibliographic history – parent work |
Notes:
1. Medium of performance, numeric designation, and key are considered a basic requirement only for musical works with non-distinctive titles indicative only of the musical form (e.g., Symphony, Concerto, etc.).
2. The relationship between the work and the parent work is considered a basic requirement only in cases where the work is a dependent component of the parent.
| To enable the user to – | the basic level national bibliographic record should reflect these logical attributes and relationships – | and should include these specific data elements – |
|---|---|---|
| 7.4 Identify an expression of a work | ■ relationship(s) between the person(s) and/or corporate body(ies) responsible and the expression | ■ name heading(s) for person(s) and/or corporate body(ies) with principal responsibility for the expression |
| ■ form of expression | ■ note on form of expression1 | |
| ■ language of expression2 | ■ addition to uniform title – language | |
| ■ note on language | ||
| ■ other distinguishing characteristic | ■ addition to uniform title – other distinguishing characteristic | |
| ■ note on other distinguishing characteristic | ||
| ■ extent of the expression3 | ■ extent – playing time/duration | |
| ■ expected frequency of issue (serial) | ■ frequency statement | |
| ■ type of score (musical notation) | ■ musical presentation statement – type of score | |
| ■ medium of performance of the expression (musical notation) | ■ addition to uniform title – statement of arrangement | |
| ■ note on medium of performance |
Notes:
1. A note on form of expression is considered a basic requirement only if the form of expression cannot be inferred from other data in the record.
2. Language of expression is considered a basic requirement only if the linguistic content of the expression is significant.
3. Extent of the expression is considered a basic requirement only for audio and visual materials.
| To enable the user to – | the basic level national bibliographic record should reflect these logical attributes and relationships – | and should include these specific data elements – |
|---|---|---|
| 7.5 Identify a manifestation | ■ title of the manifestation | ■ title proper (including number/name of part) |
| ■ statement of responsibility | ■ statement(s) of responsibility identifying the individual(s) and/or group(s) with principal responsibility for the content | |
| ■ first statement of responsibility relating to the edition | ||
| ■ first statement of responsibility relating to the additional edition statement | ||
| ■ edition/issue designation | ■ edition statement | |
| ■ additional edition statement | ||
| ■ publisher/distributor | ■ name of publisher, distributor, etc. | |
| ■ date of publication/distribution | ■ date of publication, distribution, etc. | |
| ■ series statement | ■ title proper of series | |
| ■ parallel title(s) of series1 | ||
| ■ first statement of responsibility relating to the series2 | ||
| ■ numbering within series | ||
| ■ form of carrier | ■ specific material designation | |
| ■ extent of carrier3 | ■ extent | |
| ■ manifestation identifier | ■ standard number (or alternative) | |
| ■ foliation (hand-printed book) | ■ note on physical description – foliation | |
| ■ collation (hand-printed book) | ■ note on physical description – collation | |
| ■ numbering (serial) | ■ numbering |
Notes:
1. Parallel titles of series should be included in the basic record to the extent that the national bibliographic agency considers them important to users.
2. Statement of responsibility for the series is considered a basic requirement only in cases where the series title alone is insufficient to identify the series.
3. Extent of the carrier is considered a basic requirement only in cases where it has the potential to signal differences between one manifestation and another (e.g., number of pages).
| To enable the user to – | the basic level national bibliographic record should reflect these logical attributes and relationships – | and should include these specific data elements – |
|---|---|---|
| 7.6 Select a work | ■ title of the work | ■ title heading for the work |
| ■ relationship(s) between the person(s) and/or corporate body(ies) responsible and the work | ■ name heading(s) for person(s) and/or corporate body(ies) with principal responsibility for the work | |
| ■ relationship(s) between the concept(s), etc. that is (are) the subject and the work(s) embodied in the manifestation | ■ subject heading(s) and/or classification number(s) for the principal subject(s) of the work(s) | |
| ■ form of work | ■ note on the form of the work | |
| ■ coordinates (cartographic work) | ■ mathematical data statement – coordinates | |
| ■ relationship between the work and the preceding and/or succeeding work1 | ■ note on ... bibliographic history – preceding/succeeding work | |
| ■ relationship between the work and the work it supplements1 | ■ note on ... bibliographic history – supplement | |
| ■ relationship between the work and the work it complements1 | ■ note on ... bibliographic history – complement |
Notes:
1. The relationship between the work and its predecessor, successor, supplement, or complement is considered a basic requirement only if the relationship between the entities is referential.
| To enable the user to – | the basic level national bibliographic record should reflect these logical attributes and relationships – | and should include these specific data elements – |
|---|---|---|
| 7.7 Select an expression of a work | ■ relationship(s) between the person(s) and/or corporate body(ies) responsible and the expression | ■ name heading(s) for person(s) and/or corporate body(ies) with principal responsibility for the expression |
| ■ form of expression | ■ note on form of expression1 | |
| ■ language of expression2 | ■ note on language | |
| ■ other distinguishing characteristic | ■ note on distinguishing characteristic of expression | |
| ■ use restrictions on the expression | ■ note on use restrictions | |
| ■ expected frequency of issue (serial) | ■ frequency statement | |
| ■ type of score (musical notation) | ■ musical presentation statement – type of score | |
| ■ medium of performance of the expression (musical notation) | ■ note on medium of performance of the expression | |
| ■ scale (cartographic image/object) | ■ mathematical data statement – scale | |
| ■ relationship between the expression and the preceding and/or succeeding expression3 | ■ note on ... bibliographic history – preceding/succeeding expression | |
| ■ relationship between the expression and the expression it supplements3 | ■ note on ... bibliographic history – supplement | |
| ■ relationship between the expression and the expression it complements3 | ■ note on ... bibliographic history – complement | |
| ■ relationship between the revision and the expression on which the revision is based3 | ■ note on ... bibliographic history – revision | |
| ■ relationship between the arrangement and the expression on which the arrangement is based3 | ■ note on ... bibliographic history – arrangment | |
| ■ relationship between the translation and the expression on which the translation is based3 | ■ note on ... bibliographic history – translation |
Notes:
1. A note on form of expression is considered a basic requirement only if the form of expression cannot be inferred from other data in the record.
2. Language of expression is considered a basic requirement only if the expression has significant linguistic content.
3. The relationship between an expression and its predecessor/successor, supplement, or complement is considered a basic requirement only if the relationship is referential. If the expression cannot be related to the specific expression it precedes, succeeds, supplements or complements, or to the specific expression on which a revision, arrangement, or translation is based, or if identification of the specific expression on which it is based is not considered to be important, the expression may simply be related to the relevant work.
| To enable the user to – | the basic level national bibliographic record should reflect these logical attributes and relationships – | and should include these specific data elements – |
|---|---|---|
| 7.8 Select a manifestation | ■ statement of responsibility | ■ statement of responsibility identifying the individual(s) and/or group(s) with principal responsibility for the content |
| ■ edition/issue designation | ■ edition statement | |
| ■ additional edition statement | ||
| ■ date of publication/distribution | ■ date of publication, distribution, etc. | |
| ■ form of carrier | ■ specific material designation | |
| ■ physical medium1 | ■ note on physical description – medium | |
| ■ dimensions of carrier2 | ■ dimensions | |
| ■ reduction ratio (microform) | ■ note on physical description – reduction ratio | |
| ■ presentation format (visual projection) | ■ note on physical description – presentation format | |
| ■ system requirements (electronic resource) | ■ note on system requirements |
Notes:
1. Physical medium is considered a basic requirement only in cases where the medium is potentially important to users (e.g., nitrate-based film).
2. Dimensions of the carrier are considered a basic requirement only in cases where the dimensions may be significant in terms of the equipment required for playback, etc. (e.g., diskettes, cassettes,etc.).
| To enable the user to – | the basic level national bibliographic record should reflect these logical attributes and relationships – | and should include these specific data elements – |
|---|---|---|
| 7.9 Obtain a manifestation | ■ title of the manifestation | ■ title proper |
| ■ statement of responsibility | ■ statement(s) of responsibility identifying the individual(s) and/or group(s) with principal responsibility for the content | |
| ■ edition/issue designation | ■ edition statement | |
| ■ additional edition statement | ||
| ■ place of publication/distribution | ■ place of publication, distribution, etc. | |
| ■ publisher/distributor | ■ name of publisher, distributor, etc. | |
| ■ date of publication/distribution | ■ date of publication, distribution, etc. | |
| ■ series statement | ■ title proper of series | |
| ■ first statement of responsibility relating to the series1 | ||
| ■ numbering within series | ||
| ■ form of carrier | ■ specific material designation | |
| ■ manifestation identifier | ■ standard number (or alternative) | |
| ■ source for acquisition/access authorization2 | ■ note relating to ... availability | |
| ■ access restrictions on the manifestation | ■ note relating to access restrictions | |
| ■ foliation (hand-printed book) | ■ note on physical description – foliation | |
| ■ collation (hand-printed book) | ■ note on physical description – collation | |
| ■ expected frequency of issue (serial) | ■ frequency statement | |
| ■ numbering (serial) | ■ numbering (serial) | |
| ■ mode of access (remote access electronic resource) | ■ note on mode of access – mode of access | |
| ■ access address (remote access electronic resource) | ■ note on mode of access – access address |
Notes:
1. Statement of responsibility for the series is considered a basic requirement only in cases where the series title alone is insufficient to identify the series.
2. Source for acquisitions/access authorization is considered a basic requirement only in cases where the manifestation is likely to be difficult to obtain through normal trade sources.
The following is a consolidation of the minimum data requirements identified in Tables 7.1 through 7.9, re-arranged under two broad groupings: descriptive elements and organizing elements. Taken together, the data requirements listed under the two groupings constitute the study group's recommended basic level national bibliographic record.
Data elements that are applicable only to a sub-type of an entity are designated with special symbols (e.g., [SE] indicates a data element applicable only to serials). The sub-type is identified in parentheses following the term for the data element.
Application of the basic requirement as stated above assumes the following:
It is also assumed that while the recommended basic level of functionality and the basic data requirements will be applied as the norm for records included in the national bibliography, they will not necessarily be applied as an absolute requirement. It is recognized that national bibliographic agencies may choose to include certain categories of material in the national bibliography that they treat as "listed" materials only, and that for those categories of material they may establish a minimal level of functionality and minimal data requirements that do not conform with those recommended for the basic level record. By the same token, it is recognized that national bibliographic agencies may choose to provide a fuller level of treatment than the basic requirement to certain categories of material.
