   
Newsletter of the Section for Libraries Serving Disadvantaged Persons
Issue 45 Fall 1997
EDITORIAL
by Vibeke Lehmann
Greetings from your new editor! As of this fall 1997 issue - which for various reasons is a little late - I have taken over the challenge of producing our Section newsletter. For several years Anne M. Galler devoted much time and energy to this task and we are very grateful to her.
As of this issue, the actual design and layout of the newsletter will be done by inmate students in the Microcomputer Office Suite Applications Program at the Oshkosh Correctional Institution in Wisconsin, USA. These students produce high quality work and are responsible for several other publications. They are always eager to practice their skills, and our Section receives a very reasonably priced product.
This issue features the report from the Copenhagen IFLA Council and General Conference and an article about efforts in Norway to provide "books for everybody." The LSDP Standing Committee has five new members, representing Denmark, Sweden, Russia, France and the United States; here we include a profile of one of the new members.
We also draw your attention to interesting publications, organizations, electronic resources and other publications and encourage our readers to submit such information for futures issues. Book reviews are also welcome. The DEADLINE for submitting items for the next newsletter is MAY 1, 1998.
Dates to remember: The LSDP Standing Committee mid-year meeting will be in Barcelona, Spain, March 2-3, 1998.
NEW LSDP SECTION PUBLICATION
The new Easy to Read Guidelines publication is now available from IFLA Headquarters
Price: NLG 22.00 (approximately USD 12.00) plus NLG 25.00 handling fee.
NOTE: LSDP Section members may obtain publication at the discounted price of NLG 15.00 plus the handling fee.
Order from:
Karin Passchier
Administrative Officer
IFLA HQ
P.O. Box 95312
2509 CH The Hague
The Netherlands
FAX: +31-70-3834827
EMAIL: karin.passchier@ifla.nl
Message from the new Section Chair
Dear All - I thought I would take this opportunity to introduce myself to you, as well as to welcome members both old and new to the Section for Libraries Serving Disadvantaged Persons. I have been working in the library and information world for over ten years now. I began in public and prison libraries and, since 1989, I have been based in the Department of Intormation and Library Studies at the University of Wales, Aberystwyth. Having spent several years researching library and information services to prisoners, I am now working as a Development Officer with our Open Learning Unit where I am producing course material and conducting further research for our distance learning programmes.
I have been a member of the LSDP Section since 1995 and I feel extremely honoured to have been elected as the Chair of such an enthusiastic and committed group of library and information professionals from around the world.
Throughout its 65 year history, this Section has continued to produce excellent work through its conferences and outside meetings and events, as well as having many high quality and well received publications to its name. Over the next two -years I together with my Secretary Bror Tronbacke - will do my best to ensure that we can build on this success. We already have a number of new projects planned including the production of a selective bibliography for library and information services to disadvantaged users and the revision of our guidelines for services to the hearing impaired. These projects will of course be in addition to our annual conference contribution where we will continue to devise a programme of guest speakers and workshops. Our main priority will be to disseminate our work as widely as possible, not only through IFLA-N-ET but through translating as many of our publications into the official IFLA languages as we can.
Library and information services to disadvantaged persons is in many ways a disadvantaged area in itself. We hope that our work will go some way towards alleviating this imbalance by involving as wide an audience as possible in all that we do.
I would also like to take this opportunity on behalf of the Section, to thank the outgoing Officers, Kjerstin Thulin (Chair) and Vibeke Lehmann (Secretary) for all their hard work and dedication. You have left Bror and myself with a hard act to follow, but we will do our very best to keep up the good work.
Sue Lithgow
Chair
63rd IFLA Council and General Conference Copenhagen 1997
Libraries and Information for Human Development
by Sue Lithgow
General Impressions
This year’s IFLA Council and General Conference earned a place in the record books with over 2,900 delegates representing over 137 countries. The exhibition alone attracted 213 exhibiting companies, institutions and organisations. Such was the excellence of the Danish Organising Committee that even in the face of such high attendance levels, events in and around the Bella Centre continued to run smoothly throughout the conference. Once again such organisational success was greatly assisted by the tireless efforts of a 200 strong team of Danish volunteers, most of whom were library professionals and/or students.
The skills and patience of all those involved in the conference organisation was perhaps most evident during the evening receptions. Especially memorable was the gala reception at Oksnehallen hosted by the Minister of Culture, Ebbe Lundgaard, and compèred (in rhyming couplets no less!), by Soren Pilmark. The hospitality of our Danish hosts that evening typified their warmth and generosity throughout the conference.
As always, it is difficult to single out the most significant features of a conference of this magnitude. However, a number of issues should be highlighted. 1997 was an election year and Copenhagen saw a sad farewell to Robert Wedgeworth but a very warm welcome to Christine Deschamps as the new President-Elect of IFLA. Elections were also held to appoint new board members, as well as section officers and committee members. Other IFLA highlights included the publication of the much awaited report of the CAIFE Committee and, with somewhat ironic timeliness, the documented support, including a Council Resolution, for the plight of a number of municipal libraries in France currently struggling against recent censorship restrictions.
LSDP Sessions
Wednesday, September 3:
Joint Open Session of Sections for Libraries Serving Disadvantaged Persons and the Blind
Session theme: Libraries Bridging Information Gaps
This session was well attended and prompted some interesting discussion. Of particular significance was the joint structure of the session with the Section for the Blind. This successfully brought together a wide cross section of library professionals with related interests.
John Day: The World Wide Web as an Information Source for the Deaf Community
John Day’s paper considered the implications of the WWW as an information source for the deaf community. He began by providing background information about his own institution, Gallaudet University. Gallaudet in Washington D.C. is unique in that it is the only four-year liberal arts university for deaf people in the world. Not only does it attract a unique student body, but its library also houses the world’s leading collection of materials on deafness and deaf culture.
John went on to discuss how the growth of the WWW has affected the generation of material for the deaf community. The increase in material has been particularly rapid in this field as it has emerged from two camps; deafness as a disability and the deaf as a cultural minority. John explained how deaf people appear to feel a particular affinity to the WWW. The Web began as a totally graphic interface meaning that access to it equalled that available to the hearing population. John then presented a series of examples of both the search tools available on the Web and the variety of information sources for and by the deaf community. He demonstrated a number of searches using relevant Web sites and displayed home pages from such sites as The Deaf Resource Library and Deaf World Web. John concluded by highlighting the importance of the WWW as a resource for the deaf community and all those organisations and individuals working alongside. He also added that as library and information professionals, we will need to b aware of the implications of publishing on the Web with respect to maintaining comprehensive resource collections.
Dimitriyka Stefanova: Bulgarian Libraries Bridging Information Gaps to Disadvantaged Persons
Dimitriyka Stefanova, a researcher from the National Library in Sofia, provided a fascinating insight into the development of library and information services to disadvantaged users in Bulgaria. Dimitriyka explained how services to these user groups are a relatively new initiative which really developed as a result of research conducted during the late 1980s. The last six years have therefore been a particularly active period in this respect, resulting in a range of:
- research projects
- education and training programmes
- cooperation between the National and public libraries
- international cooperative ventures
Dimitriyka added that unfortunately there is currently no legislation to support library provision to disadvantaged users and whilst significant inroads have been made, the success of such services is still dependent upon local initiatives and committed individuals.
Dimitriyka went on to discuss a number of special libraries in Bulgaria including the National Society for the Blind’s library which together with the Union of the Blind has developed a network of seven talking books libraries. She also provided an overview of hospital and prison libraries which, despite the absence of national standards or guidelines, have made significant developments. All Bulgarian prisons have a library service and 36 out of 48 hospital libraries surveyed stated that they had a patients’ library service.
The speaker then discussed the role of public libraries in the provision of services to disadvantaged users. Before the involvement of the National Library in 1990, public library involvement was rather sporadic. Recent initiatives have therefore been more strategically planned such as the 1994-95 Montana Public Library Project. In cooperation with the Union of the Blind, the public library supplied Union members in its region with a collection of talking books and magazines. This collection is further supplemented by the Sofia Talking Books Library, giving users access to an even wider collection as well as a number of associated services. Dimitrikya described other projects at Pazardjik and Dobrich public libraries and gave an overview of the benefits from all three projects. They include:
- putting library theory into practice
- improving service quality
- increasing public awareness
- providing a model for other libraries
Allan Kleiman: Global Greying: Successful Strategies for Bridging Information Gaps with the Elderly Population
Allan Kleiman’s paper considered library and information services to older adults in the light of the dramatic increase in the elderly population — an increase which is set to continue, not just in the US but worldwide. Allan stated that whilst libraries have a long history of serving older adults, traditionally very few have actually been involved in researching this area. However, now that global greying is upon us — together with the development of the Internet — people are beginning to address this matter in global terms.
The traditional view of services to the elderly focuses around homebound deliveries and large print books. However, Allan highlighted how in recent years — particularly in the US — the elderly have been encouraged to take part in a range of library and intergenerational activities — activities in which the Internet has an increasingly significant role to play, not just as a search tool but as a source of information written for and by older adults. An increasing number of seniors are therefore coming in to public libraries to surf the net and attend IT classes for example. At the other end of the spectrum however, there is also a demand for libraries to act as a base for teaching older adults basic skills such as literacy. Allan continued by explaining that one of the problems in developing such services is that provision has to be made for several generations of older adults ranging from 55—65, 65—80 and 80—100. Each generation has different needs which is why those providing services to the elderly have had to rethink their terms of reference. Allan warned that the library profession needs to prepare itself for the continued growth of the aging population. One way is to ensure that library school curricula include appropriate courses on how to serve such users. But moreover Allan felt that as librarians we will have to introduce seniors toonline catalogs, use them as volunteers and generally encourage them to come in and use our libraries by making them "senior friendly" places.
The joint Open Session concluded with three presentations from the Section for the Blind:
Peter Craddock: Share the Vision
Rosemary Kavanagh and Barbara Freeze: VISUNET: A Vision of a Virtual Library for the Blind
Johannes Balsev: The Danish Model of Library Services to the Print Handicapped
Thursday, September 4
Joint Workshop between Sections for Libraries Serving Disadvantaged Persons and Reading and the European Dyslexia Association
Access to Information: Serving Persons with Dyslexia
Over 60 people took part in this one-day workshop on dyslexia which in itself is representative of its success. The day began with a presentation from Robin Slater, President of EDA who,as a dyslexia sufferer himself, gave a fascinating insight into what dyslexia is and how it can affect daily life. He also outlined the development of EDA and explained its role and function.
Professor Carsten Elbro from Denmark gave a paper on recent research concerning dyslexia. This was followed by two very productive discussion sessions led by Gyda Skat Nielsen, who talked about library services and materials for weak readers in Denmark, and Birgitta Irvall, who spoke about the 1996/97 dyslexia campaign in Sweden.
Discussions were broadened still further with a paper from Keld Lund Jensen about multimedia publishing and dyslexia. This was followed by a demonstration of a Danish project to develop a picture dictionary on CD-ROM specifically for users with reading disabilities.
The workshop ended with a lively panel discussion which focused on how libraries can help dyslexia sufferers. The personal accounts of two dyslexic students and the barriers they had faced in public libraries were particularly enlightening.
The enthusiasm of those people who took part in this workshop is perhaps the best indication of its success and for those who were unable to attend, the LSDP Section plan to publish the proceedings in due course.
Standing Committee Meetings
During the Copenhagen Conference the LSDP Section held three Standing Committee meetings, attended by twenty members. High on the agenda was the finalisation of the new Medium Term Progamme, together with project proposals for the next financial year. New projects include the revision of the 1994 Guidelines for Library Services to the Deaf and the translation of the now completed Guidelines for Easy to Read Materials. Considerable time was spent on plans for future conferences: a joint workshop with ROTNAC and the Section for the Blind on Reading Promotion to Populations with Special Needs is planned for Amsterdam in 1998 and an Open Session on Educating Librarians is planned for Bangkok in 1999.
The election year saw a change of officers for the LSDP Section. The new Chair is Sue Lithgow (UK), Secretary is Bror Tronbacke (Sweden) and Information Officer, Vibeke Lehman. The Standing Committee expressed their sincere thanks to the outgoing Chair Kjerstin Thulin, Secretary Vibeke Lehman, and Information Officer Anne Galler, for all their hard work and support. The members particularly wished to thank Kjerstin who will unfortunately be leaving the Committee. Her leadership and friendship will be sadly missed.
"Books for Everybody"
A Project for Readers with Special Needs in Norway
by Ka-Jo Carlsen
Any satisfactory library service for the disabled is dependent upon the existence of literature suited to the various types of disability. This was the central message of Norway's first official report on literature and library services for the disabled: " Literature and Library Services for the Disabled" (NOU 1976:54). This report stated "that to the extent that books for those with impaired reading abilities have been so far produced in Norway, priority has been given to the pedagogic aspect, often at the expense of literary qualities. Groups dependent upon the production of special literature still share the same needs as others for literature which inspires and stimulates thoughts and emotions."
The report makes recommendations for publications specifically designed to meet the needs of disabled persons and suggests the types of literature needed. In spite of these recommendations and those of later reports, not many publications of the type called for were actually produced.
The 1976 report was the result of legislation in the 1970s calling for greater integration into society of disabled persons. It was apparent that there was a lack of fiction and nonfiction suitable for these user groups, and in 1976 government funds were for the first time earmarked for the development of special teaching aids in schools. Earlier reports had urged such funding but were not acted upon. Even so, authors, artists and publishers were influenced by the many ideas and recommendations, and a fair amount of specially adapted literature was produced during the twenty years since the initial 1976 report. The Norwegian Council for Cultural Affairs provided support for the literary production and librarians made every effort to reach new readers with these books. Still, in the 1990s specially adapted literature accounts for only a small percentage of the total book production in Norway. Relatively few experts are involved in this area and information about the special literature has not been readily available.
The Books for Everybody project is an attempt to remedy this situation and it is the first step to ensure that those with reading disabilities have the same access as others to culture and information. It is a two-year cooperative project between the Norwegian Council for Cultural Affairs and the Norwegian Directorate for Public Libraries. Both agencies as part of their general mission are responsible for literature specifically written or adapted for certain groups of readers, with each agency using its own approach. The new joint project, Books for Everybody, has as its main objective: "To examine and define the need for and the use made of literature specially written or adapted for specific user groups. The project shall provide the basis for a plan of action leading to extra efforts in this area."
The project design had two distinct phases: planning and implementation. The two agencies agreed on the division of responsibilities. Karin Bakken of the Council for Cultural Affairs was assigned as project leader, and Ka-Jo Carlsen (author of this article) of the Directorate for Public Libraries was appointed as executive director. A reference committee was also established to ensure input from user groups and advice from subject experts.
Guiding Philosphy and Terminology
The Books for Everybody project references the United Nations’ Standard Rules for Equal Development Opportunities for the Disabled, which differentiate between a physical disability and a handicap. The Norwegian project, however, chose the following definition of physical disability: " Physical disability is the disparity between the individual’s capabilities and the environmental demands on skills in areas which are important to the establishment of independence and a social life." The Books for Everybody does not use the term "handicap" but rather the expression "special needs."
Today the norm is to classify groups according to functional level and not by disability. The project participants still had to agree on further clarification of terms, not only with regard to how user groups were defined and their specific needs identified, but also with regard to the types of books required. Some types of books are suitable for more than one user group, while others are more narrowly targeted.
Defining the Situation
A great deal of project time was devoted to assessing the developments between 1976 and the current situation. Today there is a greater focus on the situation of the disabled in society -- an awareness that is also reflected in publishers’ lists. In addition to the development of government subsedized teaching materials, about thirty new works of fiction aimed at special user groups have been published since 1976.
There are more than 500,000 disabled people in Norway. Only some of these suffer from a reading disability. A project survey concluded that this group constitutes approximately 50,000, i.e., ten percent of the disabled population, who require specially adapted literature. Among the 50,000 there are various types of reading disabilities which also vary in degree and with age. In the project report it was important to emphasize that different disabilities require different types of literature adaptations.
Direction of Effort
The survey revealed that only a small proportion of those with reading disabilities and their families were aware of and made use of existing services. Therefore the project participants decided to make a special effort in the following areas:
- The development of a wider range of both non-fiction and general literature, including special literature and textbooks;
- Increasing the availability of books in audio and video versions (suitable for a variety of user groups);
- Improving publicity and contact with users;
- Publication of an illustrated news periodical highlighting reading and where to find the desired books;.
- Instituting a service for those suffering from aphasia (those persons have highly specific needs with regard to literature -- a point made but not further pursued in the report);
- Improved outreach to other user groups (e.g., visually impaired, hearing impaired).
What Norway Can Provide Today
The report lists and desribes all types of specially written or adapted literature intended for pleasure and enjoyment and available in Norway today for readers with special needs. It also mentions options for writers and publishers of such literature in regard to obtaining financial support. The books examined fall into ten categories:
Talking books (6234), specially adapted talking books (30), Braille books (5558), interleaved picture books (280), book/cassette combinations (79), easy-to-read books (150), large-print books (104), tactile books (7), video books (4) and electronic books (6) -- for a total of 12452 titles. Talking books and Braille books represent the greatest number, but the talking books include 550 titles for sale to the general public. The three smallest categories - tactile books, video books, and electronic books - represent books produced and available only from the Norwegian Talking Book and Braille Library (NLB).
More books in CD-ROM format are now becoming available in Norway, but electronic specially adapted books are still rare. Many computer programmes have turned out to be useful for persons with reading disabilities. There is great potential for electronic books specifically designed for those persons and other special needs groups.
Catalogue
A very important objective of the Books for Everybody project was to compile a complete catalogue of all the easy-to-read literature published in Norway specifically for those with reading disabilities. This cataloque was also to include writers, publishers, and illustrators.
Nina Askvig Reidarson and Sissel Hofgaard Swensen of the Institute for Educational Research at the University of Oslo were responsible for compiling the catalogue, "Books for Everybody." This exhaustive annotated catalogue contains the title of every specially adapted text published in Norwegian as written text, audio or video. It also contains a list of specially adapted talking books on sale to the general public. The talking books and books in Braille only available from the Norwegian Talking Book and Braille Library are not included, since the NLB publishes its own list.
Promotion and Distribution
Since specially adapted literature received little media attention, the "Books for Everybody" cataloque is a very useful tool for booksellers, librarians, teachers, and care givers.
Libraries and librarians play an important role in promoting and distributing specially adapted literature. The Norwegian Library Act stipulates that libraries "shall make books and other suitable material available to each and every member of the population." All Norwegian public libraries are part of a nationwide network, which means that a book not available in a particular library can be borrowed from another. Booksellers, teachers and social workers also play a significant role in the promotion and distribution of books to people with special needs. The cooperation of these groups is therefore very important.
Implications for the Future
As mentioned earlier, the main purpose of the project was to improve the opportunities of disabled people to share the pleasure of reading and to show providers how to improve service to those with reading disabilities.
The production of specially adapted literature, however, is very expensive - a fact that limits the number of new publication projects publishers are prepared to embark on unless government subsedies are obtained.
The Books for Everybody project also had the purpose of raising awareness of the need for specially adapted literature, both among the general public and policy makers. The project report is an important contribution towards this goal. It was distributed free of charge to every municipality, library, school and relevant institution in Norway. The catalogue was published separately and can be purchased for 100 Norwegian kroner.
Ka-Jo Carlsen
Librarian & former Consultant to the Norwegian Directorate of Public Libraries
(This is an abbreviated version of the article originally published in Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly, vol. 30, no. 1, 1997)
IFLA NEWSLETTER
Standing Committee Members 1997-1999
NEW STANDING COMMITTE MEMBER
BY GYDA SKAT NIELSEN
After graduating in 1963 from the Danish Royal School of Library and Information Science, I worked in the Main Library of Lund, Sweden, and subsequently for almost three years at the Oeffentliche Bibliotek der Universität Basel in Switzerland.
In 1966 I began my library career in Denmark as the director of a branch library in the municipality of Søllerød, north of Copenhagen. Shortly thereafter at the same place I started building one of the first departments of outreach services for homebound elderly and handicapped persons in Denmark. Fifteen years ago I initiated a talking newspaper in Søllerød, and this program was followed by a recording service for persons with reading disabilities. I have been the director of Library Outreach Services in Søllerød and the editor of the Søllerød Talking Newspaper for many years.
I have also been actively involved in many other professional and civic organizations and activities: I served five years on my local municipal council and have been active in the work of the Professional Group of Outreach Library Services in the Copenhagen area arranging conferences and meetings. Another rewarding experience was being involved in the founding of KLO (Kultur & Litteratur Orientering for Læsehandicappede), a community advocay organization for better access to information and culture for persons with reading disabilities (blind & vison impaired, physically handicapped and persons with dyslexia). Ten years later I got involved in establishing a regional dyslexia association in Northern Zealand and have served for many years on the board of the Danish Dyslexia Association. A logical next step for me was to join with other concerned persons in founding the European Dyslexia Association (EDA) in 1987; for the last five years I have been Vice President of EDA - an organization with members in thirty countries and regions inside and outside Europe. In addition to this involvement, I somehow found time to translate thirty books for children and young adults from German, English and Swedish.
At the moment I am envolved in a project in my library called "Age is no obstruction" which highlights the many contributions of elderly people in society and in the arts. I chair a committee of the Danish Dyslexia Association that is cooperating with the Danish Library for the Blind in producing textbooks on tape for dyslexic adult students. The main goal of this committee is the establishment of a center for textbooks on tape and a central registration of these materials.
My role in the European Dyslexia Association lead me to IFLA and the Section of Libraries Serving Disadvantaged Persons. I was one of the organizers of the workshop "Access to Information: Serving Persons with Dyslexia" (sponsored by LSDP, EDA, and IFLA’s Section on Reading) at the 1997 IFLA Conference in Copenhagen. When several colleagues and libraries nominated me as a LSPD Standing Committee member, I did not hesitate to accept. I hope that my many years of experience in working with elderly and disabled persons in a library and community setting can help me contribute to the work of the Standing Committee. I believe that the varied backgrounds of the committee members contribute to the effectiveness and vitality of the Section. I can bring both administrative and "hands on" experience to your group and I am excited to be part of of your work. n
New Resources and Useful Titles
Learning Disabilities
"Roads to Learning" is the Public Libraries’ Learning Disabilities Initiative of the American Library Association. Designed to increase public awareness of learning disabilities, the national campaign highlights libraries as sources of information, offers an electronic listserv/discussion group ( PLLD-L@ala.org) and has produced a resource packet. This packet contains, among other things, a list of Internet resources, InfoSheets on learning disabilities, general programming tips, a 12-page bibliography, and a list of national organizations and resources. The web site for the "Roads to Learning" project is
Deafness
Deaf World Web functions as an online international encyclopedia of deaf-related information and other deaf web sites and can be accessed currently in English, Danish, French, German, Italian, Dutch, Spanish and Swedish. The user may follow the web links or select an organization of sites and information by any one of a listing of 63 countries which is filling with deaf-related links as the organization grows.
Deaf Resource Library is an online collection of reference material and links intended to educate and inform people about Deaf cultures in Japan and the United States; as well as deaf and hard of hearing related topics.
Library and Information Services to Individuals with Disabilities
(Reference Bibliography No. 97-01) is a nineteen pages bibliography published by The National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress (USA), 1997. This bibliography lists selective sources of information on providing library services for adults and children with disabilities. Emphasis is on visual or physical disabilities that prevent reading of standard print. Sources are cited separately for general information; special needs users (older adults, children, hearing impaired, learning disabled, and visually impaired); academic libraries; the Americans with Disabilities Act (compliance and accessibility); adaptive technologies; and online resources. Materials cited cover 1988 to 1996.
STANDING COMMITTEE MEMBER
Officers
Sue Lithgow (Chair)
University of Wales
Open Learning Unit
Llanbadarn Fawr. Aberystwyth
Ceredgion SY23 3AS, Wales, UK
sdl994@aber.ac.uk
Bror Tronbacke (Secretary)
LL-Stiftelsen
Easy-to Read Foundation
Box 4035
S-102 61 Stockholm, Sweden
bror.tronbacke@llstiftelsen.se
Vibeke Lehmann
(Information Coordinator)
Department of Corrections
P.O. Box 7925
Madison, WI 53707, USA
vibeke.lehmann@doc.state.wi.us
Committee Members
Carme Mayol Fernandez
E.U.J. Rubio I Balaguer de
Biblioteconomia I Documentatio
Universitat de Barcelona
Melcior de Palau, 140
08014 Barcelona, Spain
mayol@eubd.ub.es
Teresa Pages
Biblioteca Popular Can Castells
Lluis Castells 16
08830 St. Boi de Lobregat
Barcelona, Spain
Luisa Toran
Consejeria de Cultura
Avenue de Europa 49
29003 Malaga, Spain
Peter Craddock
Share the Vision
36 Circular Road
Castlerock, County Londonderry
BT 514 XA Northern Ireland, UK
p.craddock@dial.pipex.com
Nancy Mary Panella
Bolling Memorial Medical Library
St. Luke’s Roosevelt Hospital
Center
1111 Amsterdam Avenue
New York, NY 10025, USA
slhbml14@metgate.metro.org
Gary E. Strong
Queens Borough Public Library
89-11 Merrick Blvd. Jamaica, NY 11432, USA
gstrong@queens.lib.ny.us
Birgitta Irvall
Stockholm County Library
Box 47601
S-11794 Stockholm, Sweden
birgitta.irvall@ssb.stockholm.se
Claudie Guerin
Assistance Publique
Hopitaux de Paris
10 rue des Fosses St. Marcel
75005 Paris, France
claudie.guerin@sap.ap-hop-paris.fr
Gyda Skat Nielsen
Sollerod Public Libraries
Holte Midtpunkt 23
2840 Holte, Denmark
gsn@sollerodkom.dk
Vera Eltsova Strelkova
Central Clinical Hospital Library of the President
of the Russian Federation
c/o Russian State Library
3/5 Vozdvizhenka
Moscow 101000, Russia
Corresponding Members
Dimitriyka Stefanova
St.st. Cyril & Methodius National
Library
Boulevard Vassil Levski 88
1504 Sofia, Bulgaria
Jose Diaz Roque
Biblioteca Provincial
Calle 37 No. 5615
e/ 56 y 58
CP 55100 Cienfuegos, Cuba
Advisors
Ka-Jo Carlsen
Hoegaasvn 38
1352 Kolsaas, Norway
John Day
Gallaudet University Library
800 Florida Avenue, N.E.
Washington D.C. 20002, USA
jmday@fred.net
Anne M. Galler
Concordia University-Library Studies
1455 de Maisonneuve St. West
Montreal, QUE H3G 1M8, Canada
amg@alcor.concordia.ca
WHAT IS THE TRACE CENTER?
The Trace Center is an interdisciplinary research, development and resource center on technology and disability. It is part of the Waisman Center and the Department of Industrial Engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
The mission of the Center is: 'To advance the ability of people with disabilities to achieve their life objectives through the use of communication, computer and information technologies."
Funding for the Center comes from a variety of sources, including federal and state programs, non-profit organizations, and private industry. Since the early 1980s, the Trace Center has been funded as a Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center through the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research, U.S. Department of Education. In 1993, Trace was designated as the RERC on 'Access to Computers and Information Systems." Along with Gallaudet University and the World Institute on Disability, Trace is also part of a new RERC on "Telecommunications."
The Trace Center currently employs 14 full-time and 20 part-time staff and students. These include 9 research, 6 clinical, and 4 support staff, plus varying numbers of students (graduate and undergraduate), in addition to faculty who participate in individual research efforts. Backgrounds of Center staff include electrical engineering, computer science, industrial engineering, biomedical engineering, speech pathology, psychology, library science, and occupational therapy.
Twenty-five Years of Contributions
The Trace Center was formed in 1971 to address the communication needs of people who are non-speaking and have severe disabilities. The Center was an early leader and innovator in the field that came to be known as 'Augmentative Communication" - a term that came out of the Trace Center's writings. Among its early achievements was the development of the first portable, user-programmable electronic communication device for nonspeaking people.
At the time of the emergence of the personal computer, the Trace Center became involved with making computers accessible to people with disabilities. Starting with a 1984 White House meeting on the topic, the Center served as coordinator for the nationwide Industry-Govemment Initiative on Computer Accessibility. The guidelines developed through this initiative have been widely used by computer companies both as design guidelines and as a yardstick for measuring their products' capacity to accommodate users with disabilities.
The Trace Center has worked directly with computer companies to integrate disability access features into their standard, mass-marketed products. As a result of this work, disability access features are now being incorporated directly into most of the major operating system enviromments in the computer industry, including Macintosh OS, DOS, IBM OS/2, UNIX/X Window system, Microsoft Windows 95 and Windows NT.
With the advent of hypertext language and CD-ROM technology in the mid1980s, the Trace Center saw the opportunity to put extensive disability related information in the hands of consumers, professionals, and others in an easy-to-use, accessible form. The Center's software development and organizing efforts led to the Cooperative Electronic Library on Disability, currently in its 9th edition, which is disseminated on CD-ROM as "Co-Net.'
Recently, the Trace Center has begun focusing its efforts on the accessibility problems of newer generation information and transaction systems. As these systems become more widespread in education, employment and daily life, their accessibility to people with disabilities becomes critical. Using the collaborative model it established with the computer industry, the Center is working with consumers and the information and telecommunication industries to ensure that people with disabilities have equal access to new information technologies and the emerging "information superhighway."
CONTACT INFORMATION
Trace Research & Development Center
University of Wisconsin-Madison
S-151 Waisman Center
1500 Highland Ave.
Madison, WI 53705-2280
Telephone: (608) 262-6966
TDD: (608) 263-5408
Fax: (608) 262-8848
E-mail: info@trace.wisc.edu
Web Site: http://trace.wisc.edu
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